Our distant ancestors could not even imagine that the world that surrounds them is densely populated by whole armies of invisible living beings. Only with the invention of the microscope in the XVII century did humanity recognize this stunning news. But these living organisms appeared on our planet several billion years ago! The smallest living beings play their invaluable role on Earth. Bacteria convert organic substances into inorganic, clearing our planet of debris, and useful microorganisms that live in the digestive tract, on the skin and mucous membranes, participate in digestion, protect us from pathogenic "relatives" and even synthesize some vitamins. For several centuries scientists have been constantly "peeking" what is going on in this "parallel world". The discoveries in the field of microbiology allowed the development of correct, scientifically valid methods of treating diseases, as well as measures that prevent their wide distribution of microbes - friends and enemies of man.
Malicious "commas"
In the recent past, cholera was considered one of the most terrible and dangerous diseases. From India, where its foci appeared, the epidemic penetrated into other countries, carrying death and devastation. No one knew how to deal with this scourge. Considering under a microscope the water taken from reservoirs where cholera raged, the researchers found in it tiny living beings that had the form of a comma and quickly moved with the help of flagella. This was the causative agent of cholera. The discovery helped to develop effective methods that can overcome the ailment, and after a while cholera ceased to be a terrible, horrifying disease. With the help of a microscope, microbes that caused tuberculosis, typhoid fever, and anthrax were also found. Over time, scientists invented drugs to combat these diseases and microbes - friends and enemies of man.
Small, yes remote microbes - friends and enemies of man.
The size of microbes - friends and enemies of a person is from a thousandth to a millionths of a millimeter, they can be examined only under a microscope. These microorganisms are composed of one cell (except - some fungi). Like all living things, microbes feed and reproduce. A good nutrient medium for them are products containing a lot of water (milk, broths), as well as meat, fish, etc. The temperature favorable for the reproduction of microorganisms is 37-40 C. In such conditions, after half an hour the number of microbes is doubled, and through two hours increases 16 times, etc. Microbes are widespread in nature: in 1 ml of polluted water, tens of millions of microbes can be detected, in 1 g of manure soil they are billions.
The microflora of the human body "weighs" up to 1.5 kg. Bacteria live on the skin, mucous membranes, in the organs of the digestive system, performing the role of our assistants and defenders. "Harmful" microbes - friends and enemies of a person also feel very comfortable in our body, and with a weakening of immunity they even "unravel", provoking various diseases.
Secret enemies
Everyone knows that with scratches and cuts it is necessary to lubricate the wound with a disinfectant: alcohol, hydrogen peroxide or iodine, so as not to leave microbes a chance.
In crowded places (metro, substantial transport, supermarkets, concert halls and cinemas), the number of microbes reaches 300 thousand per one cubic meter. Outdoors, they are much smaller. Scientists have detected microbes even at an altitude of 1000 meters: in one cubic meter of seemingly perfectly clean air there are about 1500 microbes. If you have strong immunity, the body successfully copes with invisible armies. But if the defenses are weakened, any malignant little aggressor can provoke the disease. And then you need to stick to hygiene especially carefully.
Operation "clean hands"
Frequent washing of hands for a modern person is not simply a sign of good upbringing and accuracy. This simple procedure is able to protect against dangerous diseases, because it is through dirty hands that microbes-pathogens get into our body. Washing hands with certain rules is one of the best methods of prevention, which requires only soap and warm water or an alcohol based disinfectant.
During the day, we "accumulate" on the hands of bacteria - they can be on the stair rails, handrails of the subway, door handles, computer keyboard and other surfaces. It is through dirty hands that many infectious and viral diseases are transmitted: ARVI, influenza, dysentery, enterobiosis, hepatitis A and a number of other ailments.
Do you remember from the kindergarten that after going to the toilet, as well as on returning home from home and before eating, you should definitely wash your hands with soap and running water.
Particularly relevant is the operation "clean hands" during epidemics, during the period of exacerbation of seasonal diseases.
Did you count the money, dismantle the purchases, put it away in a shoe cabinet, or gather the scattered things of your student in the corridor? Do not forget to wash your hands - all the items that you just touched are not perfectly clean! The way of the child from the street to the room or to the kitchen must necessarily go through the bathroom, otherwise your fidget risks with an apple or a sandwich to send into the mouth also malicious microbes - friends and enemies of man.
A reliable protector against ubiquitous germs - friends and enemies of man - bactericidal soap. It contains the antibacterial component of triclosan, thanks to which most of the pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms are removed from the surface of the hands. That's why bactericidal soap should be in every home, because it will provide you and your family with reliable protection in any situation: on the road and on a picnic, on a camping trip and at the dacha. It is also interesting that manufacturers of bactericidal soap now offer various flavors of its product - for every taste. You can choose the one that is nicer to you!