Fourth month of pregnancy

The fourth month of pregnancy is the beginning of the second trimester of pregnancy. To this stage, the future baby basically goes to completion the formation of the main organs, the fetus becomes "similar" to the person. Naturally, this is not the end of the development process, the entire system and organs are not yet fully functioning, but everything that should be in the human body already exists in certain places. For example, by the beginning of the 13th week, the beginnings of all milk teeth - twelve, begin to form in the intestines, which are important for the digestive process, insulin is being produced.

What happens to the baby?
By the end of the fourth month, the first hair will appear on the head of the baby, and on the body - lanugo - fleecy hair, they will leave for some time before birth. It happens that the remains of lanugo remain on some parts of the body of the newborn.
On the face, the skin is still thin and reddish. The ears are already in their rightful place (up to this point they were closer to the neck), the nails are also almost completely formed. The fetus can already periodically "empty" the bladder - almost every 45 minutes the baby "replenishes" the amniotic fluid, and its small heart can pump about 23 liters of blood during the day.
The motor coordination of the legs and pens becomes better. The kid has noticeably grown up - in length it is almost 16 centimeters, and its weight is 135 grams, it easily floats in the amniotic fluid, it feels wonderful. The first living environment is simply ideal for good development - warm, clean, pleasant twilight and a little audible soft sounds that come from the outside world, there is no law of universal gravitation, and the kid is reliably protected from damage. Perhaps that's why most of the people have a great rest in such an atmosphere, as in those paradise nine months that they spent in the womb.

The processes that occur with the mother in the 4th month of pregnancy.

I feel much better. The pigmentation of the skin may change - the middle line on the abdomen, the nipples and the surrounding skin become dark. All this must pass some time after the birth. After the problem with early toxicosis is solved (basically its end falls on the fourth month), a more peaceful period will begin.
Almost came to an end embryogenesis and the process of formation of the placenta. Now the placenta and the fetus are almost one whole. Since this time, the placenta fetches the fetus nutrients and oxygen from the mother, removes the slag and performs a very important chemical function by providing the fetus with the necessary hormones and proteins.
By the end of this month, you can feel the baby's movements for the first time. This small, but important event, basically, can feel women who give birth not the first time or are lean.
In subsequent pregnancies, fetal movements, in general, can be seen at 2-4 weeks earlier than at the first.

Possible hazards.

This term of pregnancy can be critical for women who have dysfunction of the adrenal cortex, mostly while waiting for the boy. It's all about the male reproductive glands of the fetus, already producing male sex hormone - testosterone, and in the case of some defect in this area, the large content of this hormone causes an imbalance. The result is an increase in the level of 17-ketosteroids, and a threat is created for a good development of pregnancy.
But nevertheless, timely tests for detecting the level of 17-ketosteroids in the urine, will help to choose the necessary treatment. This period is good for conducting a fetal development survey. Women who are at risk (have previous pregnancy problems, the risk of genetic diseases, the negative factor, and others) should make an amniocentesis analysis of amniotic fluid, it will help to know not only the presence of malformations of the baby, but also the blood group, the level of hormones , bilirubin, proteins, sex.

Calcium.

Without it, the bone tissues and teeth of the child can not form properly, which starts somewhere in the eighth week of pregnancy. Calcium needs 2 times more. Its sources: kefir, fruit, persimmon, kiwi, cottage cheese, cheese and others.
Cramps in calves at night, fingernails that fade, brittle hair are the first signs of a lack of an organism of pregnant calcium. Dairy products contain a large amount of calcium, but the animal's calcium contributes to a strong ossification of the child's skull, and this leads to a difficult passage of the head along the birth canal. The rodney will close too quickly and this will lead to an increase in intracranial pressure, so it is better to use calcium of plant origin.
A good remedy is the egg shell. It is necessary to remove the shell from the egg, clean it from the film, heat it in a frying pan and grind it. Such a powder on the tip of the knife to extinguish the juice of the lemon, so that all hissed. Use 3 - 5 times a day, until the seizures disappear, and then another 7 days.

Advice to a woman who will soon become a mother.

Your pregnancy is entering a new stage, and your family should be fully aware of this. In other words, the joy of the forthcoming event should be replaced by a normal "business" attitude toward adding to the family. At such a time, it is most important to take care of loved ones - as joint concerns unite the family. You need to take care and attention gratefully, but you do not need to turn yourself into an incubator that carries a precious heir.
You do not have to protect yourself from work around the house, if it is strong and to your liking, and also not to limit movements and positive emotions. You can enjoy a pleasant movie, walk with her husband in the park or buy a pretty new thing. In a word, it is worth to enjoy life, which develops within you and which goes outside.
When looking at yourself in the mirror, you can find on your stomach - in the middle, a brownish line that stretches from the pubis to the navel. It appeared as a result of deposits of a certain pigment - melanin. Pigmented spots occur throughout the entire pregnancy, on the face (on the forehead, cheeks, nose bridge, around the eyes), you do not have to worry because of them - after the birth they will leave themselves.
But if you still worry about your own appearance, you can try to remove these spots using grapefruit juice (for a month wipe the stains with juice that is applied to a cotton swab), parsley (it's best to freeze the juice and wipe the face with a cube of such ice) or cucumber. In general, the cucumber juice is recommended not only to be used externally, but every day to take it inside, to drink at least 150 ml every day. It excellently removes slag from the body, as well as it is the source of a large number of important trace elements, for example, silicon, which ensures the normal functioning of the upper skin layer.