Important is the fact that the number of premature births depends directly on the country, on the policy pursued by the state in relation to supporting maternity and reducing the incidence of premature births, as well as from propaganda in the country for the OP, sports and refusal from alcohol and tobacco.
Important are the conditions of the environment and the environment in which the future mother lives, her stress-resistance and proper nutrition, not only during pregnancy, but also after childbirth. What is premature birth? This is the birth that occurred on the period of 28-37 weeks. And the births that occurred earlier28 weeks of pregnancy, called spontaneous miscarriage.
The greatest probability of termination of pregnancy by organorganism is for a period of 34 to 37 weeks, and in the earlier period, the probability is 10 times less.
How to prevent
Pregnancy is an important and responsible step in a life-giving woman. Future mom and dad should discuss how much the family is ready for this crucial step, are they willing to sacrifice their time and energy for the child. If the answer is positive and parents heartily want to have a replenishment in the family, then you need to thoroughly prepare for conception.
What you need to do before conception:
- Go to the gynecologist and undergo a full medical examination, make a small pelvic ultrasound.
- To study your hormonal profile, to reveal the level of androgens and estrogens. In case of hormonal disruption, you need to contact the endocrinologist.
- Complete a complete examination of all doctors and, in case of detection of viruses, undergo the necessary treatment.
- If in previous pregnancies mamma had an ischemic-cervical insufficiency (ICI), then it will be necessary to conduct a survey, identify the causes and eliminate them.
- You need to identify your Rh factor. In case of its negativity, it is necessary to save the first pregnancy. If this can not be done for some reason, then after abortion or an operation to interrupt the ectopic pregnancy within 48 hours after the procedure, it is necessary to introduce an antiresusive immunoglobulin. This same action should be done if a mother with a negative Rh factor gave birth to a child with a positive Rh factor.
- Identify and begin treatment of dental diseases, diabetes, thyroid disease, kidneys, liver.
- If conception is carried out by IVF (in vitro fertilization), the probability of multiple pregnancy will be high, which in turn will cause overload of the cervix, which can lead to the failure of the NI.
In some foreign countries, before the IVF procedure, the patient, after stitches, is applied to reduce the risk of premature birth. In Russia, the sutures are applied only for medicinal purposes, if the ultrasound reveals the signs of the ICI.
Throughout the period of pregnancy:
- A future mother needs regular supervision from an obstetrician.
- If the mother has a somatic pathology, then you need to undergo a test with the therapist and strictly follow his recommendations.
- Women with "negative" blood or with a suspicion of Rhesus conflict should be monitored every month for the full term of pregnancy, titre of Rh antibodies and, in addition, to make ultrasound to detect hemolytic disease of the embryo, from the 20th week of pregnancy.
- If there is a high probability of falling into a group of risk factors for the emergence of NIH, then two ultrasound should be performed to detect shortening of the cervix. The first is held at the period of 14-18 weeks, the second - 19-24 weeks.
If the mother has an ICI, the following procedures are performed:
- Stitches are placed on the cervix, removal of which occurs immediately before childbirth. Sutures are applied in two ways: laparotomic access - through the abdomen, transvaginally - through the vagina.
- Imposition of obstetric discharging pessary, to redistribute the pressure of the fetal egg, which makes it possible to discharge the cervix. Pessary is made of polyethylene, with the central opening it closes the cervical pharynx.
In addition to all of the above, an optimistic set-up, a warm and soulful atmosphere in the family is needed. Mom categorically not be disturbed, subjected to stressful situations. Do not let the negative emotions of anxiety completely disrupt the joy of expectation of the child.
Not yet giving birth to a woman should not be frightened by the "terrible stories" about what kind of complex births some of them had. Each organism is unique, unique. Someone's birth takes place one-two times, and someone has a harder time. Even the women giving birth can intimidate the "newcomer" in this matter, so do not stop with such people, stop these conversations. Just do not spoil your psyche views of Internet pages with frightening diagnoses and videos. In the case of ailments you do not need to make a diagnosis yourself and thus scare yourself and the father of the child, you just need to go to the doctor. It is very important to eat right during pregnancy. It is necessary to abandon obkolbas, sausages, various semi-finished products, there are more dairy products, witch the time of pregnancy on the spine puts a heavy load.
And one more thing. Women during pregnancy as never need support and care, attention and help from close people. The husband must always be with his pregnant wife, talk to her, support, speak compliments, talk and listen to the tummy. This will give a maximum of pleasant emotions to future parents.