Diabetes mellitus will soon overwhelm all countries of the world. In order not to become a victim of this disease, check your blood sugar. Diabetes mellitus is an increase in the level of glucose in the blood. In order for glucose to enter the cell, insulin (a protein hormone), which is produced by beta cells in the pancreas, is required. In practice, two types of diabetes mellitus - type I and type II - are most common.
Type I diabetes is most often affected by children and young people. The reason for this - virtually complete cessation of insulin production due to the death of beta cells in the pancreas. What causes diabetes in the first case. An elevated blood glucose level leads to complaints, such as: debilitating urination, thirst, fatigue, sudden weight loss, pruritus, slow healing of wounds. Treatment of this type of diabetes mellitus is the constant introduction of insulin with the help of regular injections.
People with type II diabetes are over 40 years of age, most often due to overweight. Since insulin deficiency is not as pronounced as in the first case. Diabetes mellitus develops very slowly and secretly.
With an excess of body weight, a large amount of adipose tissue blocks the action of insulin in the metabolism. In order to overcome resistance from fat cells and ensure a normal blood sugar level, the pancreas at the initial stage of the disease produces insulin even more than normal. But gradually the development of insulin ends, and the blood sugar level increases accordingly.
Sometimes the symptoms of type II diabetes appear years after the onset of the disease. But, if suddenly there is even a slight increase in sugar in the blood, this can lead to irreversible pathological consequences. Diagnosing type II diabetes, doctors often reveal serious complications: decreased visual acuity, impaired renal and vascular function.
Diabetes mellitus does not happen simply and can not arise from scratch. There are factors provoking the disease: the presence of the disease in relatives, the body weight at birth above 4.5 kg, obesity, trauma, infection, pancreatic tumors, long-term use of certain medications.
In order to find this disease on time, at least once a year you should visit a district doctor. Undergo a complete examination, take a blood test for sugar. You can also check your blood sugar level, with the help of test strips and glucometers - all this can be found in the pharmacy closest to you.
In diabetes mellitus type II, you should strictly follow the diet, exercise, taking sugar reducing drugs, and in some cases, taking insulin.
At present, for injecting insulin, syringes are mainly used. Also there were miniature dispensers providing continuous subcutaneous introduction of insulin, sometimes with feedback - control glucose level and timely correct it.
In order not to be dependent on the disease, do not set yourself different restrictions, you should constantly monitor blood glucose levels. The main goal: maintenance of glucose in the blood at a level as close as possible to the norm. The normal fasting glucose level is 3.3-3.5 mmol / l, 1.5-2 hours after meals to 7.8 mmol / l. With diabetes it is very important to have the skills of self-monitoring and regularly measure blood sugar levels.