So, as a rule, the basics of this world have already been comprehended: the baby can sit, stand and, as a rule, walk. Now it is possible and necessary to develop the acquired skills for the knowledge of the surrounding world. In the second year of your child's life, you will see tremendous changes, both in the physical and in the intellectual aspect of his development. Let's consider all in more details.
Indicators of the physical development of a child of the second year of life
Many parents are worried about whether the weight and height of their child is normal, whether the baby is too fat or not too thin. To say frankly, if you do not overfeed your baby and, at the same time, your baby is healthy and nutritious, he is active and mobile, then there is no cause for concern. There are approximate norms for the growth and weight of the child different for boys and girls.
We will visually consider the parameters of weight and height of the child of the second year of life using the table.
Growth and weight of a child of the second year of life for boys
Age, year | Weight, g | Height, cm |
1.0-1.3 | 11400 +/- 1360 | 79 +/- 4 |
1.3-1.6 | 11800 +/- 1200 | 82 +/- 3 |
1.6-1.9 | 12650 +/- 1450 | 84.5 +/- 3 |
1.9-2.0 | 14300 +/- 1250 | 88 +/- 4 |
The growth and weight of a child of the second year of life for girls
Age, year | Weight, g | Height, cm |
1.0-1.3 | 10500 +/- 1300 | 76 +/- 4 |
1.3-1.6 | 11400 +/- 1120 | 81 +/- 3 |
1.6-1.9 | 12300 +/- 1350 | 83.5 +/- 3.5 |
1.9-2.0 | 12600 +/- 1800 | 86 +/- 4 |
As you can see, the growth rates and the weight of the child vary considerably, and there are no definite strict limits indicating that the child should have some specific indicators of development. As a rule, the height and weight of a child is also determined genetically, therefore, it is necessary to analyze the developmental indicators of both mothers and dads and compare them with the indicators of child development.
The height and weight of the child is significantly slower than in the first year of life. The average weight gain is 2.5-4 kg per year, growth - 10-13 cm per year. During the second year of life, you will observe how the proportions of his body change: the baby stretches, and the ratio of the size of the head decreases with respect to the length of the body.
At the same time, the kids of the second year of life continue to grow actively. Nervous system and sense organs develop rapidly, coordination of movements improves, walking improves, the child starts running.
If the child has gone after a year
Do not be upset if your baby turns a year old, but he does not walk yet. Do not worry, everything is within the norm. Your child will go when he is ready for it. Each child has his own individual development program, which is an absolute norm for him.
And if your baby has gone after a year, rather than ten or even eight months, like his peers, this does not mean that he lags behind in physical development. He will just as well move: walk, run and jump, like his peers. On the contrary, sometimes too early knowledge of motor skills, in particular walking, can adversely affect the development of the musculoskeletal system. I really like saying this about Dr. Komarovsky: "When should a child walk and talk? "When he walks and talks." He never gives concrete figures for such questions, as it is not necessary to adjust to the norms that someone has invented for someone.
Psycho-emotional development
The main goal of the child of the second year of life continues to be the knowledge of the surrounding world. The baby is guided by two main aspirations: satisfaction of one's own desires and desire for communication, first of all with the mother. At this age there is a rapid emotional development. The kid satisfies his "why" by all possible means.
In addition, children of the second year of life have a noticeable leap in the development of speech. Significantly increases the vocabulary, but again, there are no standards. There are children who already in one and a half year tell small rhymes, and there are children whose vocabulary even by the end of the second year is not very great. But this, at the same time, does not speak about any mental abilities or shortcomings of your baby. "Silent" prepare for the process of communication more thoroughly. There will come a moment, and the kid will surprise you with what was said and, probably, not in a single word, but immediately with a whole sentence. As a rule, boys begin to speak a little later for the girls.
The second year of a child's life can be conditionally divided into two periods: from one year to one and a half years and from one and a half years to two years. Let's consider each of them.
Child development from one year to one and a half years
The first half of the second year of life is associated with the development of the walking skill. As a rule, at this age babies do not know how to go long distances, they often fall and have difficulty in overcoming various obstacles in their way. Kids at this age are already sleeping less, they stay awake longer and are limited to a one-day daytime sleep.
The child shows interest in everything, but, having played a little, he is looking for a new occupation. The understanding of speech acquires special development. For a year and a half the baby begins to understand the meaning of whole sentences about frequently occurring phenomena and knows a large number of words, although he does not yet pronounce them. If the child does not speak, it does not mean that he does not understand you. By the end of the first half of the second year of life, the child can fulfill the verbal requests of an adult, such as: bring the ball, take a cup, etc.
The kid really needs to communicate with adults, in addition, at this age there are positive relationships with children. Already, the skills of independent behavior begin to appear: the baby can already push off the adult's hand to do something on his own.
Children of this age love everything bright and colorful. They pay attention to their bright clothes and show it to adults. Kids love everything new. For them, it's not quality, but quantity (I'm talking about toys) that is important, which can not be said about their parents.
Child development from one and half to two years
At this age, improving motor skills! The child not only walks well, but also runs, jumps and climbs the ladder. The kid can swirl and "play" with you in the ball. In addition, the child can already perform more precise movements during the game, for example, can "build" with the help of the designer. The kid learns to draw!
After one and a half years, children become emotionally more balanced: their playing activity acquires a stable and diverse character. Significantly increases the vocabulary of the baby. Some babies are already beginning to speak well, others are silent, but, nevertheless, remember that the kid knows everything and understands you perfectly. The average vocabulary of a child at this age is 200-400 words. The game of the kid is greatly improved. For example, a child not only feeds the doll and puts it to sleep, but also undresses or clothes it, heals, teaches to walk, etc. The kid repeats the actions of adults: trying to prepare to eat, clean, wash.
The child begins to assimilate certain norms of behavior. This is exactly the age when the child should be accustomed to the pot. Perhaps you have done this before, but it is now that the child begins to develop comprehension of his actions. the child shows interest in peers, to their activities, finds a common occupation with them. At this age, children develop significantly in the aesthetic aspect: they love music, show interest in everything beautiful, respond to the rhythm and melodiousness of poems.
As you can see, for a year the kid has matured significantly, and not only in the physical aspect, but also in the intellectual. The child learns the world by all possible ways and as a result, achieves much and achieves much.