Nutrition for children under three years is already significantly different from feeding on the 1st year of life. At this age, most children already cut a sufficient number of teeth and they start eating independently, repeating the actions of adults, increases digestive capacity, increases the capacity of the stomach. The kid already knows how to distinguish between individual dishes and foods, remembers their taste and so on. When feeding children, it is necessary to provide for all these features. The diet of a child with age increasingly becomes like an adult meal, but it's too early to put it at a common table.
In the first half of the second year of life, the number of meals per day remains the same as it was at the end of the first year, that is, 5 times. This is extremely important for weakened kids with poor appetite. Most healthy children under three years, usually after a year of life, refuse from five meals a day and switch to four meals a day, with a break of four hours. Whatever the dietary regime of the child, an important element is observance of it exactly in time - it is useful for good assimilation of the eaten and in the development of a conditioned alimentary reflex. Semi-liquid dishes and mashed potatoes are replaced with denser ones. Serve them with a spoon. To use a pacifier at this age is harmful, since a child can get used to taking liquid food.
The basic requirements for feeding a baby after a year are a balance and a variety in the basic elements of feeding. It is extremely useful to combine types of products from vegetables, fruits, eggs and meat, milk, grated cheese, flour and cereals with cottage cheese. The main thing in a child's diet after a year is the content of foods with lots of animal protein: eggs, fish, poultry, meat, dairy products and milk. Fruits, vegetables, bread, meat, potatoes, sugar, milk children should receive every day. Cottage cheese, cheese, eggs, cereals, sour cream, fish, are given a couple of times a week at the rate of their weekly rate.
The daily volume of food for babies up to one and a half years is approximately 1200 grams from one and a half to two - 1300 grams, and in children under three years - about 1500 grams, ie, for one meal with five meals a day and a half years - from 240 to 250 grams with four meals a day from 1.5 to two years - about 300 grams, and the third - 350-370 grams.
By this time the child is already beginning to go to the nursery. Before you go to the kindergarten the baby does not have to be fed, because in the manger he will certainly have breakfast. At this age, children need to be accustomed to the kindergarten regime. There is a kid on a low chair behind a small table and already without the help of others, as in a manger. That the child is not distracted, it must be constantly monitored throughout the meal. Remember, he should be reminded that he ate carefully, did not indulge in food and use a napkin. The child should be helped to keep the spoon properly. In order for the baby not to indulge during meals, food should be served just before it is consumed. Homemade food should be as similar to food in kindergarten. In this case, the baby will already eat everything that is given to him and will not remain hungry.
Now let's talk specifically about food products, which will need to be included in the diet of feeding the baby.
Until that time, in the baby's nutrition milk was the main component. Now his daily norm is 500-550 ml. Also, do not forget about other dairy products, such as sour cream, kefir, yogurt, cheese and cottage cheese. The daily norm, for example, kefir - 150-200 ml.
The poultry, meat and fish are rich in animal protein, so a growing organism is so necessary. They need to be included every day in food for children up to three years. Of all the variety of meat, preference is given to pork, lean beef and veal. As for poultry, it is best to add white turkey and chicken meat. Fish it is desirable to serve lean, for example, pike perch, hake, cod.
A two-year-old child can be served 1-2 times a week with boiled sausage, dairy sausages, made specifically for baby food. I would like to note that spicy, fried and smoked food is still harmful to a child of this age. Similarly, it is harmful for a baby sweet, especially chocolate, cakes and cakes. Despite this, sugar for a child's body is still needed, but within 30-40 grams per day. For babies who do not suffer from allergies, you can replace sugar with honey. Honey contains many vitamins. To please a child with sweet, he can offer a little jam, pastille, marmalade or jam.
You should also remember about such important products as fruits, vegetables and berries. Potatoes are the main vegetable. Vegetable assortment can be varied with pumpkin, turnips, cabbage, radish, carrots, beets, etc. Since two years, vegetables can be eaten raw, not cooked, or cook salads from vegetables. It is also advised to eat fresh greens in the dishes (lettuce, parsley, dill), since they are rich in vitamin C. From fruits, the child can already give peaches, apricots, kiwis, lemons, oranges, this is not including pears, bananas and apples. It is important to know that strawberries, strawberries and citrus should be fed with caution, there is a possibility of allergy. It is also worth remembering about berries, as they are very useful for a child. These include cranberries, raspberries, currants, gooseberries, cranberries and cherries. From such berries there are delicious compotes, kissels, fruit drinks and juices.
Now let's talk a little about pasta. Most parents are mistaken, believing that they lead to the fullness of children. To your child does not grow stout, it should be fed him macaroni from hard wheat once or twice a week instead of vegetable puree.
Soups have a good effect on the child's gastric secretion. They can be cooked from vegetables and meat.
A child under 3 years of age is advised not to give beans, peas, lentils and kidney beans, because of which children may experience excessive gas formation in the abdomen.
Of all varieties of cereals, you should give preference to buckwheat and oatmeal. They function well on the gastrointestinal tract and are a source of B vitamins and protein. Also do not forget to add butter to the porridge. It can still be smeared on bread. The daily bread norm is 80-100 grams, and the oils 15-20 grams. Bread for children from two years can be given as black or white.
In conclusion, let us say a little about chicken eggs. At this age it is already possible to cook an omelette for a kid instead of a hard-boiled egg. The daily rate is 1/2 eggs.
Prepare dishes with love and children will grow healthy and strong.