In gynecology, exercise therapy is used quite often, because it is an effective method for treating various diseases. Apply physical education in the postoperative period with an incorrect position of the uterus (for example, after operations on the vagina and laparotomy), with chronic diseases of the female genital area of an inflammatory nature. However, therapeutic physical culture should not be prescribed for vascular disorders in the vessels of the lower extremities and pelvic organs (for example, with phlebitis); with acute inflammatory processes; bleeding; septic states and other complications after surgery.
The goals of LFK in gynecology and obstetrics are:
- Providing favorable influence on the central mechanisms of the nervous regulation of the human body in order to balance the processes of excitation and inhibition, which can often be disturbed during pregnancy or during illness.
- Increase the endurance and strength of the muscles of the lower extremity and trunk belt, which are directly involved in childbirth.
- Increase the general tone of the patient: therapeutic exercises create positive emotions that can improve breathing and blood circulation, which speeds up the metabolism, and this as a result favorably affects the general condition of the body.
- Rendering beneficial influence on the course of gynecological diseases: the use of special physical exercises can improve local lympho- and blood circulation, which facilitates the resolution of adhesions, infiltrates and other consequences of inflammation of the pelvic organs.
- Correction of uterine prolapse and deviation-retroflection (bends), if the disease is not started. If the deviation is clearly expressed, then the exercises are used to strengthen the muscles of the lower extremities and pelvic floor in preparation for surgical treatment.
The general methodology of physical education in gynecology and obstetrics is based on the principles:
- Systematic performance of exercises
- Adequate choice of unloading and painless starting positions
- Strict exercise control to ensure proper dosage of exercise
- The right combination of movements and breathing
- Hygienic conditions for exercising
- Saturation of employment from the emotional point of view
- Accounting for the effectiveness of the training
If there are inflammatory diseases of the female sexual organs of a chronic nature, then LFK is called upon to improve blood circulation in the pelvic organs, to prevent the development of adhesions in this area, to accelerate the process of resorption of inflammation, to speed up the breathing system, and to increase the emotional and general tone of a person. Also it is worth remembering that in the classroom you should provide for the unloading of the body from the pressure along the vertical axis; It is not allowed to exacerbate the pain after exercise therapy, and therefore exercises must be performed, controlling pain.
If a woman has a wrong position of the uterus, then the exercises are necessary to strengthen the abdominal press, the muscles of the ligament apparatus and the pelvic day, improve blood circulation, increase uterine mobility and transfer it to the required normal position. In addition, exercises normalize the work of the digestive tract and have a general strengthening effect on the body. The main provisions for such diseases should reduce pressure by the abdominal organs on the uterus.
For the period after surgery, exercise therapy is designed to normalize the rhythm of breathing, increase the emotional and general tone of the body, accelerate the regenerative processes in the body. In addition, exercise therapy is the prevention of postoperative complications (stasis in the lower extremities and pelvic organs, postoperative pneumonia, intestinal atony, bronchitis). The number of exercises during this period should be strictly metered and include positions for the muscles of the pelvic day and the abdominal press. Light exercises are shown from the second day after the operation, if there are no contraindications, and breathing exercises can be done as early as the first day after the surgery.