Gardnerella in women and men: causes, symptoms, treatment

Scheme of anatomical healthy uterus

Gardnerellez in women - an infectious syndrome associated with the dysbacteriosis of the vaginal ecosystem, accompanied by a high concentration of gardnerella and the absence / significant decrease in the population of lactic acid bacteria. Chronic gardnerellez leads to inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, vagina, endometritis, is considered a prerequisite for the development of adnexitis (inflammatory process in the fallopian tubes and ovaries), serious complications during childbirth and pregnancy.

Gardnerella in women: the causes of

Gardnerella vaginalis (a class of facultative anaerobes) in small amounts is constantly present in the microflora of the vagina, without causing discomfort and symptoms of gardnerellez. The carriers of Gardnerella vaginalis are 25-45% of healthy women of different age groups. Active multiplication of gardnerella under the influence of endogenous / exogenous factors leads to the displacement of lactobacilli and replacement of the normal flora of Gardnerella vaginalis. As a result, the disbiotic disorders of the mucosa progress, its protective properties and processes in the cells of the vaginal epithelium change. Gardnerella produce many amino acids and pyruvic acid, which are necessary for pathogenic organisms for nutrition and metabolism. During decarboxylation of amino acids in the vaginal secretions, amines with an unpleasant smell of rotten fish are released.

Consultation with a doctor with gardnerellez

Etiology of gardnerellez:

Microbiological studies of gardnerellosis

Gardnerella in women: symptoms

The main feature of the pathology is the absence of external manifestations of inflammation of the vaginal walls, in 50% of patients gardnerellez proceeds with lubricated symptoms. A colposcopic examination reveals dystrophic deformations in combination with abnormal processes in the cervix. Sometimes there is an asymptomatic course of the disease - a complete lack of clinical signs on the background of positive laboratory tests. Explicit symptoms of gardnerelleza: abundant grayish-yellow discharge of creamy consistency, the smell of rotten fish, pain / itching in coitus.

Gardnerella in women: treatment and diagnostics

The diagnosis of "gardnerellez" is based on anamnesis, clinical and screening data - pH-metry (sensitivity 80-99%) and aminotest. When testing for gardnerellosis, additional testing is highly desirable to exclude sexually transmitted infections - genital herpes, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis.

The therapeutic scheme consists of two stages:

  1. Elimination of infection and associated inflammation. Gardnerelles are resistant to kaminoglikozidam, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, cephalosporins; sensitive to cClindamycin and ampicillin. The drugs of choice are Clindamycin and Metronidazole. To speed up the recovery process, immunotherapy is performed. It is recommended to abstain from sexual intercourse without the use of condoms for the time of taking medications.
  2. Restoration of normal vaginal microbiocenosis. Prescribe eubiotics (Bifidumbacterin, Acilactum, Lactobacterin), which stimulate the growth of natural lactoflora and contribute to reducing the number of relapses of the disease.

Gardnerella in pregnancy

The disease is diagnosed in 15-25% of expectant mothers. The development of intrauterine infection during pregnancy is not characteristic - the protective mechanisms of the mother's body protect the fetus from infection, but the gardnerelles suppress cellular immunity, which can lead to various complications: premature birth, postpartum sepsis, chorionamionitis. If gardnerella is found in the analysis, it is necessary to immediately begin therapy with Trichopolum, Ornidazole, Metrogil or Metronidazole and taking probiotics. The optimal scheme is chosen by the attending physician strictly on an individual basis.

Gardnerella in women: treatment at home

Before starting treatment with the help of folk remedies, it is recommended to consult a doctor to avoid complications and side effects. Therapy should be conducted under medical supervision with a laboratory assessment of the patient's current health status. Self-medication can be dangerous!

  1. Broth from phytospores:

    • take in equal proportions the root of the althaea, grass of the cudweed, sweet clover, nettle leaves, blueberries, lavender flowers, pine buds. Three large spoons of the collection brew with a liter of boiling water, boil on moderate heat for 10-15 minutes, pour into a thermos, insist 10-12 hours. Use 120 milliliters for 30-40 minutes before meals during the day;
    • to combine in the same proportions the grass of mint, wintergreen, clear-eyed, eucalyptus leaves, mother-and-stepmother, bearberry, clover flowers, tansy, root of badana. Pour three tablespoons of the collection with a liter of boiling water, boil 10-15 minutes, insist in a thermos 10-12 hours, take 120 milliliters before meals during the day.

  2. Tampons:

    • prepare a solution of apple cider vinegar (teaspoon) and carrot juice (tablespoon), apply on a gauze pad, insert into the vagina for 20-25 minutes;
    • prepare a mixture of sea-buckthorn / olive oil and aloe juice (1: 1), apply on a gauze swab, insert into the vagina for 10-12 hours.
  3. Calming sedentary bath:

    • flowers of marigold, chamomile, walnut leaves, oak bark.
  4. Medicinal tea to strengthen immunity:

    • quince (1 piece), lemon (1 piece), garlic (7-9 teeth), fresh cherry (2 cups), apples (2 pieces), water (2.5 liters). Ingredients thoroughly chop, mix, pour boiling water. Drink 100-120 milliliters 4-5 times a day.

Prevention gardnerelleza in women:

Gardnerella in men

Infection of a man mostly occurs during coitus with a female carrier of gardnerella. The contact-household way of transmission of infection (with a handshake, a kiss, in a sauna / bath) is excluded. Predisposing factors of gardnerellosis in men are: accompanying / transferred diseases of the genitourinary system, antibacterial therapy, the use of immunosuppressants, a decrease in immunological activity against the background of physical / emotional stress. In the body gardnerella men coexist for a long time can not - are withdrawn 2-3 days after hitting. In 7-10% of cases, anaerobes linger in urological tissues - there is associated with gardnerella balanoposthitis (nonspecific urethritis).

Gardnerlellosis in men: symptoms

In the vast majority of cases, colonization of the genital organs by the Gardnerella does not give a significant symptomatology. Very rarely the disease manifests itself by burning / discomfort during urination, with liquid lean secretions with a characteristic smell of stale fish.

Complications:

Diagnosis and treatment regimen for gardnerellosis in men

Diagnostic measures include: the study of ejaculate, urine, secretion of the prostate, scraping from the urethra by polymerase chain reaction (specificity 98%). The therapeutic regimen is selected individually, taking into account the presence / absence of concomitant infections and the resistance of the causative agent to medicinal products. Prescribe Levofloxacin, Clindamycin or Doxycycline. During the period of taking the medication, it is recommended to follow a diet that implies the rejection of alcohol, fatty, smoked, spicy dishes. In severe clinical manifestations of the disease, immunostimulants are used to restore the mucosa and increase the body's immune response. According to the indications are prescribed anti-allergic drugs, complexes of microelements and vitamins. To avoid repeated infection with gardnerella, it is important to follow preventive measures: refrain from having sex with a menstruating woman, use a condom during sex with an untested partner.

Gardnerelosis in women is a common pathology of the vaginal ecosystem, which requires qualitative diagnosis and comprehensive treatment. If a violation of the microflora of the vagina is found, it is necessary to undergo appropriate therapy - this will help to avoid complications during pregnancy and childbirth, preserve reproductive health for a long time, and improve the quality of life.