Now there are about hundred kinds of mushrooms, which can be used for food. Mushrooms are prepared not only as a separate dish, but also add to soups, salads, cereals, ragout, sauces and potato dishes. They are so popular due to its unique, aromatic and extractive substances, due to this have such a pleasant taste.
Polzagribov
Mushrooms contain fats (1%), proteins (more than 5%), carbohydrates (3%), moreover, useful for our body micro- and macroelements - iron, copper, potassium, cobalt, copper, calcium and others.
We should consume potassium as much as sodium, which our body receives a huge amount in the form of table salt. Now in our diet there is a lot of food that is over-saturated with spices or canned, which is very harmful for our health. That's why you need to reduce the consumption of this food, and there are more fungi in which potassium is contained.
In mushrooms the daily requirement of an organism of a potassium -120 mg contains, and it is necessary for us for ability to live together with phosphorus for good pitches and teeth.
If you eat calcium and phosphorus together, then theyreperformed much faster than separately. When used, their proportion should be 1: 1.5. Moreover, phosphorus compounds help to flow well the basic energy processes in the body. A person should eat 0.8 g of phosphorus per day.
Cobalt forms erythrocytes, if in the body it is lacking, then anemia appears.
Particularly necessary for human life, copper, zinc, and manganese, which can also be obtained with the consumption of mushrooms.
Beneficial features
- Fungi contain 18 amino acids, which develop a memory, mental activity, interfere with the development of atherosclerosis.
- All the microelements that are rich in fungi, we need for a good metabolism, reducing the risk of developing and the appearance of cardiovascular diseases. In addition, these microelements interfere with viral infections.
- Vitamins of group B (B1, B2, B6) allow to function normally to the nervous system and are very necessary for a good condition of nails, skin and hair. In mushrooms of these vitamins much more even than in cereals and vegetables.
- B-glucans strengthen the immune system, in addition, these substances prevent the appearance of tumors. But in order for them to help you need to use them a few hundred kilograms for a short period of time.
- Melanin is a natural antioxidant.
- Mushroom chitin removes heavy metals from the body.
- Vitamin PP strengthens the walls of the vessels and positively influences the organs of hematopoiesis. In mushrooms this vitamin is the same as in the beef liver.
In addition to all the useful properties, the fungi contain the fat-soluble vitamins D, C and A. The protein in the mushrooms is twice as large as in the egg, and three times more than in the meat.
Mushrooms are used for medicinal purposes. To cure the nervous system in folk medicine, fly agaric is used to cure alcoholism - a manure, tumors and radiation leukopenia - birch mushroom chaga.Ochen tasty white mushroom (boletus) has antitumor and tonic effect.
Harm of mushrooms
We all know that a lot of people get into the hospital by combining mushrooms. The reason for this is the inability to distinguish the inedible fungi from edible, the acquisition of mushrooms in dubious places, the lack of basic information about the effect of human activity on the chemical and biological composition of fungi, and much more. Mushroom pickers often destroy the creeper, collecting this product. Do not abuse the food wormy, softened and ripe mushrooms, because of this, may arise diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, such mushrooms are springs, which update mycelium.
There are 20 mushrooms especially dangerous and unfit for consumption: red fly agaric, pale toadstool (fly agaric) and all kinds of fly agarics, false gray-yellow forehead, satanic mushroom, chanterelle, raincoat, stitch, dark scaly or rustic mushroom and others. Often, of course, there are outbreaks not poisonous mushrooms, and the so-called edible, an excellent example is a thin pig. If it is improperly cooked, then you can get poisoned. Fungi in each period of their growth have a different amount of poison, in addition, it can vary from the conditions of development andprogress. Experts say that the frogs that grow on poor arid soils are less poisonous than those that grow in conditions of high humidity on humus soils.
Chitin, which is found in mushrooms in a considerable amount, is almost not assimilated in the human body. Therefore, they are so badly digested. In addition, if the fungi are very addicted, it can lead to acute chronic pancreatitis and inflammation of the pancreas.
Because of the high content of chitin, some of the percentages that are contained in the product are inaccessible to the body.
Children under the age of 13-14 can not digest chitin. If you do not want your child to begin to run into the body, do not let him eat mushrooms.
Mushrooms - this is a plant that can absorb from the air radioactive compounds toloksiny. Be careful when you collect them. Choose an environmentally friendly place, so as not to damage your health.
When you go out to the forest for mushrooms, put in the basket only those that you have no doubt. Do not rely on chance, do not endanger the health of your loved ones and yourself in particular. There are six fungi that even after boiling remain poisonous: fiber, pale toadstool, fly agaric, fly stain, flywort, fly agaric, panther fly agaric. Avoid these mushrooms, in any case you can not eat them.
For insurance, treat each mushroom better. Even boil mushrooms boil for at least fifteen minutes, but remember that at a temperature of 100 degrees, almost all useful substances are destroyed.
If you have correctly picked up the mushrooms and tasted them well, then they will bring pleasure to you. It's important that the hostess knows some tricks. For example, to make mushrooms more quickly dig into their finer. Remember that most of the chitin is contained in the legs, so they need to be cut smaller than the caps.
No matter how you prepare mushrooms, they are all heavy food, except for a camel with mushroom powder and mushroom broths. But when you eat mushrooms, protect yourself from overeating and obesity, because this product contributes to the loss of weight.
How to store mushrooms?
It is very important to remember that once you have cut the fungus, it should be cooked or processed as soon as possible, because after 4-5 hours at room temperature, secondary metabolites begin to accumulate in it. You can store mushrooms longer in the refrigerator, but not more than a day. It is impossible to store them in polyethylene, tk. It accelerates the decay process due to the lack of air and moisture that the fungi secrete. Therefore, they form substances harmful to humans. It is best to put them in the refrigerator in containers with rigid walls.
Dishes made from mushrooms must be stored in clay or enameled dishes in the refrigerator.
If suddenly toxic substances enter the human body, then it is difficult to withdraw them and each person has this at different rates. In such cases, one should not engage in self-medication, but should immediately go to the hospital.