Myoma of the uterus is a very common gynecological disease in women. And at the age of 35 years it affects 35-50% of women, and at the age after 45 years - already 60-70%. Myoma is a hormone-dependent benign tumor that develops from the connective and muscular tissues of the uterus and has multiple or single nodes. Rise of myoma can vary at different rates and is mainly located in the uterus.
Treatment of fibroids
Depending on the size of the uterine myoma, its location and the course of the disease depends on how the uterine fibroids will be treated.
There are two methods for treating fibroids:
- Conservative method of treatment. This is a non-surgical treatment based on the use of hormonal drugs. This method is used at the earliest stages of the development of the disease. As a result of treatment under the influence of hormones, the development of fibroids slows down. But with such treatment it is necessary to take into account the factor that when hormones are stopped taking up, the growth of myoma is most often resumed.
- The second method is surgical and includes several methods of surgical intervention.
Surgical intervention with preservation of reproductive function
- Hysteroscopic myomectomy. With this operation, the intrauterine nodes are removed.
- Laparoscopic myomectomy. This is the most optimal minimally invasive surgical method. With this operation, the myomatous nodes are removed, which grow into the abdominal cavity.
- The method of abdominal myomectomy is a method in which the nodes of the myoma are excised. But it is very poorly tolerated by women and requires a long rehabilitation, so now it is not widely used.
Surgical methods without preservation of childbearing
- Open myomectomy. This operation is very rarely recommended in cases where the above methods are contraindicated. With this method, the maximum coagulation of blood vessels occurs, as well as a reduction in blood loss.
- Hysterectomy. The method is accompanied by the removal of the uterus and is used when all the previously mentioned methods are either ineffective or contraindicated.
- Combination method. In this case, hormonal treatment is first carried out, and then the uterine arteries are closed to stop the blood supply of the fibroid, thereby contributing to the reduction of the uterine node.
Let's consider in more detail the methods after which a woman can give birth.
Laparoscopic myomectomy
This method is recommended for those women whose uterine fibroids have proliferated intramural or subserous nodes. The method is good because you do not need to make wide incisions, but only small ones in the lower abdomen and around the navel, through which you can put a laparoscope with a video camera and other necessary tools. Also, the advantages of this method is the speed of the recovery period, sufficient efficiency and safety.
Hysteroscopic myomectomy
This is the method by which the removal of myomatic nodes without incisions occurs. The method is quite productive, modern and quite popular in surgery. The essence of the method is that through a small incision into the abdominal cavity a hysteroscope is inserted with a video camera through which the image of the abdominal cavity will be displayed. Using a hysteroscope, using a laser beam, the myoma is cut. Hysteroscopic myomectomy is very popular due to its reliability, safety, high efficiency, good patient tolerance and rapid healing.
Indication for surgical intervention
The removal of fibroids is carried out in the following cases:
- Rapid development of the tumor.
- Large size of fibroids.
- Myoma on the cervix.
- Necrosis of the myomatous node.
- Bleeding, which leads to anemia.
- Violation of the functions of nearby organs.
- Suspicion of the malignant nature of fibroids.
- Presence of precancerous state of the cervix with the existing myoma.
- The presence of endometriosis and ovarian tumors in myomas.
The detection of fibroids at an early stage of development allows it to be treated, rather than cut. Therefore, regularly visit the gynecologist and good health to you!