Bubbles
Bubbles require special care by the mother in the period from birth to the first month. It is important to carefully monitor that it remains dry and clean, for this, soak it twice a day with a cotton swab soaked in hydrogen peroxide and then in chlorophyllite or green. If suddenly there is pus and an unpleasant smell in the navel, you must always pay attention to this by a doctor or a visiting nurse (who visits crumbs every other day). Before healing, the baby's navel should be bathed in boiled water and a weak solution of potassium permanganate.
Colic
Colic is the "scourge" of the first three months of a child's life. Usually the condition of colic begins nearer to night, more often it happens in boys. So that your mother can help the baby, lay it on your tummy or on your knees before each feeding and after 20-30 minutes after a meal - it facilitates the exit of the gazik (and trains the neck muscles), a warm diaper or a warmer often bring relief. Also an irreplaceable thing is a gas pipe, which can be made from a rubber enema, cutting off the upper part of it. But it should be used infrequently and only with the permission of the doctor. Certain tests (for example, fecal stool, tests for dysbacteriosis and carbohydrates) can reveal the cause of colic, and prescribed by the doctor enzymes and drugs will adjust the digestion.
Tear duct obstruction
The sign of the obstruction of the lacrimal canal is pus, which stands out from one or both internal corners of the eye, as well as the standing of tears in the corner of the eye. A pediatrician or oculist will prescribe a rinse and show how to conduct a special massage aimed at pushing the gelatinous plug of the lacrimal canal. If up to 3 months washing and massage did not help, then probing is given - this is a mini-operation, which lasts only 2-3 minutes, a specialist pushes the plug with a thin knitting needle.
Tone
Tonus is a frequent diagnosis of newborns. With increased tone, the crumb is strained, the handles and legs are pressed against the body, while "walking" the fingers are turned inwards. With a lowered tone, the baby is too relaxed, the grasping reflex is poorly expressed, slowly drags the legs or "does not move them at all". Both these and other conditions are most often treated by courses of massage, special gymnastics and swimming in the bathroom with the addition of sea salt or pine extract. In addition to this, drug support may be prescribed.
Bathing
Bathing a baby is an important and serious ritual of the day for mom and baby. "Formula" bathing is simple: clean, clear water with a temperature of 36-37 degrees and caring, confident hands of the parent. On the first "swim" you can do with ordinary baby soap, which is used about twice a week, so as not to overdo the delicate skin of the child. On the day when you wash the child with soap (gel), prepare a jug with clean, warm water in advance, from which you will rinse the crumbs. The first immersion in water is better to start with the legs, gently pour the water on the breast and tummy and then completely lower the child in a special baby bath. If the baby is scared of water, you can atone for the baby in a diaper, the baby experiences sensations similar to the mother's womb. If none of the options have helped, it is worth taking a short break, wiping the baby with a damp cloth for hygiene, until the negative emotions associated with taking a bath are forgotten. To bathe a child of up to 6 months is desirable every day to avoid skin problems: irritation and diaper rash arise due to diapers, as well as the remains of milk and sweat accumulating in the folds of the skin. Do not be afraid to wet your ears, the water that has got inside your ear will necessarily flow back, washing your ear. The head needs to be washed every time during bathing, alternating usual water and soap / shampoo (since a birth).
Washing
Washing is most conveniently carried out on a changing table. Each eye is washed with a separate tampon moistened in boiled water, moving from the outer corner to the inside. To care for the spout, use special wicks that spin from ordinary cotton wool and the people are affectionately called "turundas", soaked in sterile oil. The ears are wiped with a damp cotton swab just from the outside, inside you should not even get "turundas", so as not to damage your ear canal. The mouth does not require special care before the appearance of teeth. The exception is the thrush of the mouth, which causes candida fungi. One of the signs is that it does not pass a white coating on the tongue. Consult a doctor who prescribes adequate treatment, often washing with soda and brown in glycerin.
An intimate question
To wash the baby mom needs after every change of diaper. Girls are tempted strictly from front to back, boys can be washed in any direction. Outside the house you can use children's wet napkins, which contain a special cleansing lotion, caring for the delicate baby skin.
stroll
Strolling in the street is fresh air, sunlight (vitamin D, which is needed for digestion by the body of calcium, serves as a preventive measure of rickets) and hardening. You need to put more clothes on one layer of clothing than you dress yourself. If the child does not show anxiety, sleeps, then he is comfortable. To check if the baby is not cold or overheated, gently touch his neck from behind. The first stroll lasts only 10-20 minutes, you can spend it on the balcony, dressing the baby for the season, or go out without a stroller to the entrance. Gradually, the walk time increases to 1.5-2 hours. The exposure of direct sunlight to crumb is undesirable, an ideal place for sleeping outdoors: quiet, in the delicate shade of trees, away from the roads. Polyclinic: the end of the first month will be marked by a tour of the main specialist doctors (neurologist, oculist, ENT, orthopedic surgeon, pediatrician). Vaccination according to plan: revaccination from hepatitis.
"Bloom"
The "flowering" of infants, which can begin approximately from the second week of life and continue until the end of the second month, is a rash of various kinds (from small red dots to completely "adult" acne), caused by the riot of hormones and adaptation of the skin to new external conditions, does not require special treatment (do not comb the blisters, wash off the decoction of such herbal antiseptics as a turn, chamomile, etc.) and passes by itself.
Transient lactose insufficiency
Currently, such a diagnosis is found in every second child and can be the main cause of ongoing colic. Identify it will help to analyze feces for carbohydrates. When diagnosing a doctor, the doctor prescribes a special enzyme that helps absorb lactose (milk sugar).
Walking
Walking increases to 3-4 hours a day. Usually little ones sleep perfectly on the street, but if the crumb has woken up in a good mood and has not yet had time to get hungry, do not rush home. Raise the child from the stroller, tell us what he sees, lead him with fingers on different surfaces (bark of trees, twigs, leaves). All this is great for the development of the baby and increases interest in the world around him.
Marigold
Nails often break themselves, but if the child injures himself with handles, you can gently trim the nails to the finger level with manicure scissors or special baby tweezers.
Causeless hysteria
They usually happen during this period. When the body temperature is checked hundred times, there are medicines for colic, the baby is fed and "pumped" and seems to have just woken up, and tears and cry do not stop. Scientists did not fully understand the cause of these hysterics, but one of the theories is that the kid at this age already perceives a sufficiently large number of stimuli and the brain does not have time to process the information.
The first massage
Usually appointed in the third month of life. Prophylactic (or curative) removes or increases tone (depending on the purpose), physically develops the baby, struggles with such ailments as immaturity of the joints, paresis and much more. The expert will show a set of exercises, put the child by age. Polyclinic: bypassing such specialists as neuropathologist, orthopedic surgeon and pediatrician. Vaccination according to plan: revaccination from hepatitis and vaccination with DTP. By the end of the third month, the baby makes attempts to roll over or crawl, from this age the probability of falling is especially high, therefore, starting from birth, never leave the baby alone on an open surface. Turning to take the right thing, keep your hand on the child. There are no strict rules for diapers. However, it should be remembered that a diaper is a child's personal hygiene. Therefore, it should be changed as often as possible, without waiting for its filling. Thus, newborn children will need up to 10 diapers per day, for older children - about 4-6 shifts. A common recommendation is to change the diaper every three to four hours in the afternoon and use one diaper for the night shift frequency.