Why do we grow?
The growth of a child depends on three important factors: the development of the right hormones, proper nutrition and the full development of the bone system. And yet the first word is for hormones. Human growth controls the system of the endocrine glands in the body. It is the thyroid gland located in the neck, the pituitary (part of the brain) and the sex glands (in boys - in the testicles, in girls - in the ovaries). The pituitary gland is one of the most important glands that stimulate the growth of bones. If it works too intensively, the arms and legs grow longer than usual, the brushes and feet are more than normal. If this gland functions poorly, a person can remain a midget (a marked lag in growth - in boys - up to 140 cm, in girls - up to 130 cm - is called nazism). Once a person reaches puberty (around the age of 16-18), we practically stop growing.
Papin or my mother?
The growth of each of us is predetermined by the genetic program. Usually, boys take the bar of the father's growth (or male relatives - uncles, grandfathers), and the girls repeat the script of the feminine gender (mothers, grandmothers, aunts). But there are also mixed versions.
It happens that heredity prevails both from mother and father, regardless of the sex of the heir. Whose will take it - has not yet been studied. But the formula for calculating the growth still exists. In order to determine the growth of a child, you need to add up the growth of mom and dad, the resulting amount divided in half. Then, if it concerns a son, add 6.5, and if the daughter - take 6.5. These are only approximate figures that vary in the range of plus or minus 10.
And I did not know that I was growing up
At no other age does a person add to growth at such a rate as in the first year of life (the annual increase is up to 25 centimeters). But when a child grows badly, many mothers are wondering why the child grows poorly. Further on falling: for the second year - up to 8-12 cm, for the third - up to 10 cm. From three to eight years, the average increase is 4 cm per year. But these are approximate guidelines for parents. More precisely, the physical development of the child should be evaluated by the doctor. In the first year of life of the baby - every month, and then - at least once a year. After four years, the child has a very interesting phenomenon: the so-called "growth spikes" - temporary acceleration of the child's growth (up to 8-12 cm per year). The reason - the physiological restructuring of the body: in 4-5 years, the pituitary gland begins to produce an elevated level of growth hormone, at 12-14 years - the production of sex hormones is off scale. Be attentive: these jumps in girls start before the boys for 1-2 years, but from 12-14 years, future men overtake and overtake the weaker sex.
Zones of growth
Physicians discovered an amazing phenomenon: in human bones, there are so-called growth zones - cartilaginous parts of bones, which can be seen on X-rays. Scientists claim that the growth zones are open to a maximum of 20-23 years, and as the child grows up, they are replaced by dense bone tissue, the bones cease to grow. As scientific research has shown, the "program" for the growth of many adults by the time of closure of the corresponding zones (by 20-23 years) is not fulfilled. What prevents to be higher? Nedosypaniya, suffered infectious disease, trauma, lack of vitamins, inflammatory processes - all this can disrupt the correct development of the skeleton of the child. One of the most serious enemies of development is nicotine. If the child is a passive smoker, and receives a dose of nicotine from the parents, his growth can significantly slow down. And then it will be the reason why the child grows poorly. Worse, if a son or daughter adopts this bad habit. Nicotine depresses the function of the pituitary gland, causes vasospasm, inhibits metabolic processes in the body, because of this, the nutrition of the osseous system deteriorates.
How to Become Higher
Disputes with genes - an ungrateful occupation. However, adding a couple of centimeters to the nature-enclosed program is quite realistic.
In order for a child to fulfill his growth program, include in the baby's diet as much as possible vegetables and fruits that have not been heat treated - they retain biological substances better. Products of animal origin (meat) contain the essential amino acids necessary for the development of bones and joints. And in porridges and black bread there are a lot of mineral substances, necessary cartilaginous tissue. But the leader in stimulating growth in length is carrots. It is rich in carotene, which in the human body turns into vitamin A - the main engine of growth. It is in spinach, lettuce, sorrel, greens, in hips. Vitamin A in its pure form is butter, whole milk, egg yolk, liver (especially cod). For the growth of bones is responsible and vitamin D, which is especially quickly absorbed by the sun (its deficiency can cause rickets).
Daily exercise (running, swimming, cycling, football, volleyball, tennis) contribute to the activation of growth zones.
Royal posture
Worried about stoop babies? It's time to take action. Up to 7-10 cm of height often steals scoliosis (curvature of the spine). And the most common cause of this phenomenon is a wrong posture. If the child's back is not marked with a flat contour, consult a vertebrologist or orthopedist. The doctor can prescribe therapeutic exercise, recommend a special corset to correct posture. There is a massage with which the doctor can straighten the spine of the child, improve the tone of the muscles supporting it.
Deficiency of growth hormone - somatotropin - is extremely rare: one case for 5-10 thousand children, and most often hereditary. The culprits are the defects of the genes responsible for the synthesis and secretion of this hormone. Lack of somatotropin can be associated with trauma, prolonged stress. If the endocrinologist has identified a shortage of growth hormone, hormone replacement therapy is needed. Now there are endocrinological centers where genotrophin and other drugs are used as injections - synthetic human growth hormones.
The fact that children grow up in a dream is a scientifically grounded fact. Somatotropin most actively excreted in the blood at night, when the baby is fast asleep. The development of it fluctuates during the day, reaching a maximum at night, especially after 1-1,5 hours after falling asleep. It is very important that the child observe the sleep regime and does not violate the biorhythms of hormonal secretion. Therefore, sending the heir to the side is important not later than 22:00. In the morning the kid can tell you: but I flew in a dream today. You fly - it means that you grow up, they said in ancient times. Believe: one day your child will certainly become a great person!
And the nose is growing
There is evidence that a person continues to grow even after 25 years and reaches its maximum growth at about the age of 35-40. After that, every ten years it becomes lower by about 12 mm. The reason is dehydration of the cartilage in the joints and spine as it ages. The nose and lobes of the ears are the only parts of the human body that continue to grow throughout his life. After 30 years, the nose grows by about 5 mm, and if a person lives to 97 years, it lengthens by a centimeter.