The native land of palm trees is tropics or subtropics, so the plant is thermophilic. A particularly low temperature is felt by root roots, so the pot must be kept warm. Tropical palms are more thermophilic, so in winter time the room should have a high temperature. Subtropical palms are more hardy, and do not require artificial temperature increase. The main enemy of indoor palms are drafts that cause disease in plants, and sometimes death. Most palms feel very well in warm southern rooms. The younger the plant, the more demanding it is. The palms that have grown from seeds under these conditions are best adapted to room conditions. The optimum temperature for a palm tree is 14 -22 ̊ C. In addition to maintaining the temperature, the palms should be sprayed, the leaves washed with water, in summer more often than in winter. In the warm season - in spring and summer, palms are watered abundantly, but not often.
It must be ensured that the land is always moderately moist. Overdrying the plant leads to yellowing of the leaves. Such leaves should be cut, so that a thin strip of dry cloth remains over the living tissue. If the watering is abundant, normal, and the leaves of the plant turn yellow, then, most likely, this problem arises from the dryness of the air, preferably the increased humidity in the room where the palm grows. When watering plants use stagnant water. Sprinkle the leaves of the palm tree no more than three times a week in the summer, and in winter it is enough once. In winter it is even better not to spray, but to wipe the leaves with a soft sponge soaked in water at room temperature. Periodically it is necessary to wipe the leaves with a mild soap solution. As for light, palm trees are light-loving plants, so it is best to place them near the windows if possible. It should be noted that direct sunlight can cause burns on the leaves of the plant. Young palms require an annual transplant, more mature plants are transplanted once every 2 to 4 years. Transplanted palms before the beginning of their growth, in the spring.
If there are rotten roots, they must be removed, cut with a knife to a healthy tissue. Try not to damage the healthy roots, since in the room conditions the damaged roots die. Young plants are planted in light soil, with subsequent transplants adding heavy turf ground. Cans for palm trees should be high, and for some species also narrow. For example, in a date palm tree, the roots rise high from the ground, so a tall and narrow pot is needed for it. And the protruding roots to protect from drying cover with moss. Feed the plants once every ten days in the summer, twice less often in winter. When preparing a nutrient solution, it is recommended to use water at room temperature. After watering the nutrient solution, it is necessary to loosen the soil. The palms are multiplying seeds, and some species are offspring. The germination time depends on the type of palm tree. In some species the seeds germinate in a few days, others - in a few months. When growing palms, the following problems may occur: brown tips of leaves - this leads to dry air, insufficient watering or exposure to cold air. Brown spots on the leaves occur with an excess of moisture in the soil, with rapid cooling. Also, the brown spots on the leaves are watered with hard water.
Many plants darken the lower leaves with age, they must be cut off. If the upper leaves become brown, then the problem is most likely in the waterlogging of the soil. When growing a palm tree you should know about pests, they include: scabbards, mealybugs, spider mites. Spider mite appears when the air is too dry. A spider web appears on the stem of the palm tree, the leaves of the plant become weak, sluggish, and subsequently fall off. Shields live on the surface of leaves, suck out the cell sap. In this case, the leaf loses color, dries. Powdery intestinal worm infects leaves, shoots, plant flowers. Leaves curl, lose shape, wither and fall off. In general, palms are not particularly whimsical, in contrast to many indoor plants. They can be adapted to any room conditions, but it needs to be done gradually. A sharp change in the conditions of the palm, can lead to the death of the plant. At present, about 2500 thousand species of palm trees are known.
Among them there are dwarf palms and giants. According to the shape of the leaf, the palms are divided into three groups: fan-shaped, including trachycarpus, livistony, sabali; pinnate - this date, hamedorei; double-corpuscles - karyotes. Here are some types of palm trees that can be grown at home. The ideal palm tree for growing at home is Hoveya (Hoveya) Forster. The birthplace of this palm tree is Australia. Hoveya refers to pinnate palms, has one trunk and branchy leaves - vayami, in natural conditions, the leaves reach a length of 4 meters. Palms of this species grow slowly, but if in fertile soil they develop rapidly. Hoveya calmly tolerates the lack of lighting, is resistant to drought, periodically dried soil does not affect its appearance. But of course, the plant will develop better in a well-lit room, with high humidity. The leaves are also resistant to pests: spider mites and mealybugs. Like all palms is a plant alone, but quietly tolerates neighbors.
Also well tolerates the room conditions of Hovey Belmor. It differs from Hovey Forster by more vertical, not leafy leaves. Requires regular spraying and maintaining a moderately moist soil. The next kind of palm trees is Rapis. The birthplace of Rapis is China, Japan. This palm well tolerates both bright light, with a small amount of direct sunlight, and blackout. It is best to grow at the windows located to the west or east. To direct sunlight plants are accustomed gradually. For uniform growth of the crown, the plants should periodically turn to the light by the other side. The optimum temperature for Rapiss in summer is not higher than 22̊ С, in winter it is not lower than 10̊ С. Rapase is good for dry air, but in summer it is still necessary to periodically spray leaves in winter. At low temperatures, this is not necessary. Requires abundant watering in the summer and moderate in winter. Transplant plants should be as necessary, preferably as little as possible. To popular indoor palms is Hamedori. The native land of this plant is Central and South America. As well as the previous palms of Hamedorae does not tolerate direct sunlight, the light must be bright scattered, the plant is able to tolerate blackout. The temperature in summer is not higher than 26 ̊С, in winter it is not lower than 12 ̊С. This should be care for the flowers of the house, palms do not tolerate the sun's rays, remember about it.
In summer, the Hamedorians require daily spraying, every two weeks it is necessary to wipe the leaves with a damp sponge soaked in warm water. In winter, do not spray the leaves, and wipe once a month. Young plants require an annual transplant, more adults are transplanted every 3-5 years, depending on their age. With proper care of Hamedora in the room conditions feel good, and some even bloom. There are about 130 species of Hamedori. Greater attention is required for such palm trees as: Liviston, Trachycarpus spanish, Ptichosterma graceful, Phoenix Robilena, Actinokenta, etc. Nevertheless, some lovers of indoor plants are growing them quite successfully.
Often in shops you can see palm trees for growing at home, but which experts do not recommend to grow in an apartment. To such kinds of palms to concern Raveneya Ruchejnaja, Dipsis yellowing, Archontofenix, Coconut palm. All these plants require a lot of light and moisture, which at home is almost impossible to achieve. So when buying palm trees, you first need to make sure that this species can be grown at home. Now you know everything about caring for the flowers of the house, the palms harmoniously fit into the atmosphere of your house.