They take part in the metabolism. In the kidneys, urine is formed. Violation of various functions of the kidney can lead to swelling, increased blood pressure, uremia acidosis, etc.
According to the literature data, kidney disease affects more than 3% of the population of Russia. Women are prone to kidney disease more than men. Kidney diseases, which are most often found in the population, include pyelonephritis, kidney failure, urolithiasis, hydronephrosis, nephroptosis.
The risk of kidney disease can be facilitated by such circumstances: acute infectious diseases (influenza, acute respiratory viral infection, tonsillitis), foci of chronic infection (tonsillitis, prostatitis, etc.), unsystematic use of certain medicines, excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages, smoking.
Patients who have suffered acute kidney diseases, as well as chronic ones, should be placed on dispensary records and be under the supervision of a doctor. Patients with chronic kidney diseases are under constant medical supervision.
The diet to maintain the health of patients who have suffered kidney disease is of no small importance. Therefore, you need to know what foods you can eat, and what you should give up. Nutrition for kidney diseases should be aimed at correction of metabolic processes. It should be the most sparing.
When selecting food for the patient, many factors and characteristics of diets are considered in case of kidney disease.
This is a general condition, whether there is swelling. Pay attention to blood pressure. Take into account the results of the urine test: is there a protein in the urine. They look at the excretory function of the kidneys.
If the results of the analysis of urine a lot of protein, the protein is added to the diet of the patient. In chronic renal failure, the protein is on the contrary restricted many times. With severe puffiness, salt is excluded and the use of liquid is limited.
If the patient uses diuretics, then prescribe a diet rich in foods with a high content of potassium. This potato, only baked, dried apricots, raisins, prunes. Also appoint dairy products.
Patients with kidney diseases are sometimes prescribed carbohydrate unloading days. That is, he is given food with a high content of carbohydrates. For example, watermelon, berry, apple, sugar, potato unloading days.
This is done to increase the amount of excreted urine, which contributes to the removal of protein decay products, reduces blood pressure and promotes better kidney function.
With a diet, diet can differ in the content of foods. Here they look at the general condition of the patient, concomitant diseases, various external factors. But in any case it is recommended to eat 4-5 times a day in small portions.
It should be noted that the use of which products should be limited, or they should be abandoned altogether, and what is the characteristic of a diet for kidney disease. This is primarily fatty meat, in general any fat, sea fish, legumes, broths, cooked from meat, fish, mushrooms. It will have to be abandoned. In any case, during the period of exacerbation of diseases. Also contraindicated eating acute spices, pepper, mustard, chocolate, carbonated drinks, strong coffee, cocoa.
A person who has problems with kidneys can eat dishes made from vegetables and cereals, milk soups, lean meat and poultry, boiled fish of low-fat varieties, bread, pasta, milk, cottage cheese, various dairy products, vegetables and fruits, honey, sugar. But not abusing. Try not to eat cream, sour cream, eggs.
There are many dietary restrictions, but this regimen helps maintain the normal state of the kidneys and prompt recovery.
In general, doctors do not agree on a diet for kidney disease. Previously, there was an opinion that the protein should be almost completely removed from the patient's diet. The view of modern medicine is different, and current medicine does not do such violence against a person. But the echoes of the old can still be heard. And some doctors are trying to apply the barbarous methods.
It is especially risky to exclude protein from the diet of elderly people. In this case, there is a chance that the restoration of damaged kidney tissue becomes impossible. Thus, some doctors consciously, unconsciously, cause even greater harm to the patient's body. Therefore, the choice of foods containing protein, you must not approach the old fashioned way, without closing your eyes, but carefully taking into account the state of the patient.
If a patient is recommended a diet containing proteins, then they should be easily digestible. This is lean meat, dairy products. Fats in a diet with kidney disease usually do not limit, but they can cause individual intolerance. Carbohydrates can generally be used without restrictions.
To regulate and maintain the acid-base balance in the body of a patient, he should consume about 600 g of fruits and vegetables. Previously, it was believed that salt in diseases of the kidneys is categorically contraindicated. Science has dispelled this myth. Restrictions only on the advice of a doctor. But do not be salt and abuse.
Diet for fasting days.
Compote diet . The compote is made from fresh fruit, adding sugar. 1 liter of compote should be drunk after three hours for five receptions.
Fruit Diet. Five times a day, fresh fruit is used in portions of approximately 300 grams in three hours. It is very good to spend watermelon fasting days.
Vegetable diet. From various vegetables prepare a salad, which is eaten for five meals in portions of approximately 300 grams in three hours.
You can cleanse the body by eating a watermelon with bread. But with this method of cleaning, sand is excreted, so this method is contraindicated in kidney stones.
Treatment for kidney disease is carried out only under the supervision of the attending physician.