We do not even imagine what kind of information flows into a small child. In the first ten years of his life he has a lot to learn. Touching anything, the child feels the warmth of things and their structure; thanks to smells, he determines what he likes and what does not; The eyes see everything around. However, this is not enough for the development of the child and every parent has a question: how to develop further your baby? The answer to this is known by kindergarten teachers - they deal with children, conduct cognitive activities, starting even with nursery groups.
What is included in cognitive tasks?
Cognitive activities in kindergarten include the purpose, sequence of actions and a plan for their conduct. Such classes can be divided into three categories:
Acquaintance with details
Materials: plasticine, figurines, cubes.
Children are offered games where you need to build something or sculpt. In the process of such games the child gets acquainted with new words, such as a brick, plate, cylinder, prism. Thanks to such games, kids can easily teach the ratio of sizes, for example, you can give the child two cars: large and small, and let him build for each a suitable size garage. Also mandatory in these games is the instruction of the child to collect their toys in place.
Development through touch
These are the simplest games in kindergarten. They help children to explore an object. An indispensable condition for such games is the indication of colors, shapes, size of the object, the ability to find differences between identical in name things, but with different properties, for example the same cars, only one green, and the other red, one big and the other small, one square, and the other is rectangular.
Cognition of the overall picture of the world
In addition, that children must learn the names of objects or things, they still need to learn to understand the necessity of these objects in nature, their purpose. For example, they drink from a cup, and eat from a plate, a spoon or fork is needed for a plate, and for a cup, only a spoon. Kids learn what materials are made of things: wood, paper, fabric, clay. They must learn to find a pair of objects in size, color and purpose. It is also necessary to introduce the children to nature, plants and animals. In each group there should be animal toys, but it will be better if there are developmental colleagues in the kindergarten, which will show how the animals look and what sounds they make. In addition to the animals themselves, they should also be called their pups, so that children understand the difference, for example, puppies are born in a dog, a cat has kittens, a cow has a calf, and so on. The best example for studying nature is the street, you can watch the birds or butterflies with the children, see how dogs and cats play. But just look little, already at an early age little men need to be trained to feed homeless animals and birds. With plants also need to behave carefully and carefully. It is necessary to tell the children that they can not be broken, because, for example, large trees that were planted in kindergarten have grown many, many years and a new young tree will not soon become as large, besides, if you break a tree branch, then he will be hurt.
Do not forget about the study of the seasons, educators should take the children out for a walk and be sure to tell how beautiful nature is when it snows or trees bloom when the leaves turn yellow and crumble.
Children also need to get acquainted with the transport, first show different buses and cars on illustrations, and then you can walk around exploring the surrounding trucks and cars on the road.
Cognitive-speech exercises
In addition to ordinary cognitive studies, there are also cognitive-speech classes.
Children should study not only the natural world, but also the world of people, because they will have to live in a society and talk with other people. Therefore, an important role in the kindergarten is occupied by cognitive-speech exercises. Educators know, in order to teach a child to communicate with people, it is worth using such a procedure as dialogue with peers. To do this, the child needs to enrich the vocabulary, you need to constantly repeat the names of the objects and their properties - so the baby will quickly remember the new word. You should never scold a child for the wrong pronunciation, just correct it. Next time, when the kid will conduct a dialogue, he does not want to be corrected before his peers, so he will try to speak correctly.