What do the developing methods give the child? First of all, they allow the child to present the material in an interesting, easily accessible and effective form. This is precisely the main advantage of modern developmentals over the outdated methods of the past decades. Of course, the newfangled development methods do not give the chance to completely abandon the old, well-tested programs for teaching children of preschool age, but, nevertheless, training in a new way gives a positive productive result. Therefore, consider some of the most common and effective methods of early development of preschool children.
Methods of early development of children from 0 to 4 years Glen Doman
Glen Doman's developmental methodology for pre-school children is primarily aimed at teaching the child to read. Many at the same time forget that the development of Doman, this is not only the intellectual development of the child, but also active physical development. At the same time, the development and improvement of the child's brain is directly related to the development and improvement of many motor skills. The material is much easier and faster to digest if the child is physically active.
The essence of learning to read and encyclopedic knowledge according to Glen Doman's method is that an adult, only for a short time (1-2 seconds), offers to look at the child on the card with the written word, while pronouncing the written word. As a rule, it is recommended to place a corresponding image next to the word. The inscriptions are made in large even red letters. The method is based on the fact that the child remembers the whole word, and does not learn how to read by syllables, as the standard method of teaching suggests.
Disadvantages of Glen Doman's methodology.
This method has been repeatedly criticized by teachers and parents. First, the child performs a passive role in training - he just looks at the cards. On the other hand, the time for viewing the cards is rather short, therefore passivity does not last very long. Secondly, the process of making cards is very time consuming, it requires a lot of additional material (cardboard, paper, paints or refilling of cartridges for the printer). Thirdly, there was a tendency that the child does not forget the word written on the card, but does not "recognize" the same word indicated elsewhere.
Early development of the child through the system of Maria Montessori
Maria Montessori's method was developed for children aged three years, yet her followers recommend using this technique a little earlier: when the child is 2-2.5 years old. The main principle of this method of early development is that the child is given the opportunity of complete freedom of choice. The child chooses independently how, how and for how long to do it.
The child does not need to be forced to learn, it needs to be interested. The method of Montessori is represented by a whole complex of exercises from numerous exercises. Many of the exercises require the preparation of various materials, for example, various plaques, figures, frames and inserts.
Learning to read with Zaytsev cubes
Thanks to the cubes of Zaitsev, many children begin quite early to read: at three and even two years old. The set is presented from 52 cubes, on which faces warehouses are put. Playing with dice, the child makes up different words. The same cubes vary in volume, color, weight, vibration and the sound of the filler. In addition to the cubes are offered posters with painted warehouses for reading and comparison. Many cubes, available for sale, must first be collected: glued, fastened and filled with filler. Teaching a child to read with the help of cubes Zaitsev requires perseverance from the parents. If you are ready to regularly engage with your baby, then this technique is for you, if not - then it is better to give the child to a special development center, which teaches reading in cubes Zaitsev.
Games for the early development of children in the Nikitin system
Family Nikitin, Elena Andreevna and Boris Pavlovich, - in fact, the classics of national pedagogy and education. They demonstrated the example of their own large family in Soviet times, a vivid example of the education of an independent and harmoniously developed personality.
According to the Nikitin family, parents often admit two extremes: either it is excessive organization, when parents try hard to occupy and entertain the child, thus not giving him the opportunity for independent activity; or this is a complete abandonment of the child, when parents for ordinary household affairs for the maintenance of the child (feeding, cleaning, sleeping, etc.) forget about the importance of communication and intellectual development.
The main task of education, according to the method Nikitin, is to maximize the creative abilities of the child, his preparation for the future adulthood.
Intellectual development games of the Nikitin family are very popular. They develop the child's logical thinking, learn to make decisions. Such games are available on sale and are recommended to children from the age of 1,5. The author of the developing methodology proposes 14 game rules, six of which are considered mandatory. Widely known games "Fold the square", "Fold the pattern", "Unicub" and "Dots", as well as the frame and liners Montessori.
Upbringing and development of the child in the Waldorf system
This method of early development of the child originated about a hundred years ago in Germany, the author of it is Rudolf Steiner. According to this technique, a child up to the age of seven (before the period of changing dairy teeth) should not be stressed by learning to read and write, as well as logical exercises. In early childhood it is necessary to reveal the creative and spiritual potential of the child in every possible way. The main principle of the Waldorf system: "Childhood is a full life, which is beautiful!" The child is brought up and develops in harmony with nature, he learns to create, hear and feel music, draw and sing.
Technique of early development Cecil Lupan
Cecil Lupan is a follower of Glen Doman and many other methods of early development. Having accumulated her own experience and changed the methods of her predecessors, she developed her own "strategy" for the early development of the child. In her book "Believe in Your Child" she tells her advice and decisions about the upbringing of the child. The main statement of Cecil Lupan: "The child does not need a daily compulsory study program."
For the development of the speech of the child, reading books to him is of great importance. The author of the methodology suggests reading and explaining complex stories and fables to the child. To make it easier to learn letters and numbers, you need to draw an image with the letter along with a letter. For example, on the letter "K" draw a cat. As in Glen Doman's technique, S. Lupan recommends teaching the child to read with the help of cards. Only here on these cards of the letter she recommends writing not in red, but in different colors, or rather: consonant letters - in black, vowels - in red, and those letters that are not pronounced - green. In his book the author gives detailed advice on teaching the child riding, swimming, painting, music, as well as foreign languages.
Briefly about the main
So, today there are many developmental techniques for preschool children, the main of which are described in this article. In addition, there is a sufficient amount of auxiliary material for training on these methods. Not the last place in the role of a source of educational materials belongs to the Internet. Deciding to engage in one of the above methods, you need to think in advance the plan and sequence of classes.
Personally, I am an adherent of classes on several methods and some positions of the Waldorf system. I, as a parent, believe that a child needs to create a favorable atmosphere for comprehensive development in early childhood. This will be a good foundation for further shaping him as a person. Nevertheless, one should not forget that childhood is a period of joy and carelessness, and it is not necessary for a child to take away this sweet childhood. My main principle of education: do everything that gives pleasure and joy to my child. I think many responsible parents will agree with me. Success to you and your children in the knowledge of the world around, because he (the world) is so beautiful! Give a colorful and multi-faceted world to your kids!