It is no secret that in the process of child's growth, the development of his character and psyche also takes place. A special role in the sequence of emerging and developing psychological processes at an early age, special attention should be given to the perception of the child. After all, the child's behavior and awareness of what is happening is primarily due to his perception of the world around him. For example, you can point to the memory of a little man, because for a child memory is the recognition of close people, environment and objects, i.e. their perception. Even the thinking of children up to three years is mainly related to perception, they pay attention to what is in their field of vision, accordingly all other actions and actions are also related to what the child sees. I want to pay special attention to the main features that affect the development of perception in children.
Perception in young children develops together with how they begin to distinguish one thing from another, perform consciously one or another action. Pediatricians and children's psychologists especially focus on actions, called correlating, or actions with several subjects in which the child is already beginning to distinguish between form, location, what kind of thing to touch, etc. Having learned to distinguish and play with several objects at the same time, the child can not immediately sort them out, for example, in form, color, and even more meaning.
A lot of toys for young children, such as cubes, pyramids, are created precisely so that the child learns to correlate actions. But if he to some extent can perceive a number of objects over time, without the help of an adult, he can not learn to divide them by sense, color or form. Therefore, it is very important to contact children and parents during the child's games, because it is during joint games that parents direct the child to correct actions, correct it, help, indicate how it should be.
However, there are also pitfalls. Sooner or later the child will begin to repeat after his mother or father and will "know" which cube to put, but this will only result in the fact that the corresponding actions will be performed only in the presence of an adult, and only after him. It is extremely important that the child learns to independently perform certain actions with objects, depending on their external properties. Initially, the kid will try to adapt a part of the pyramid at random, trying various options, and checking whether the element holds or not, i.e. Does he achieve what he wants or not.
Or it may be that the child will diligently try to do with the object what he wants, and if this does not work, he will begin to apply more physical strength to the process. But in the end, after making sure of the futility of his actions, he will start trying to get what he wants by another way, trying on and turning, for example, the element of the pyramid. The toys themselves are designed in such a way as to tell a small tester how it should really be. And in the end, the result will be achieved, and later fixed.
Then, in the course of development, the child proceeds from the oriented actions to the next stage where he begins to visually evaluate the properties of objects. So, from the fact that the kid sees objects, he begins to distinguish the properties of the object in accordance with what he looks like. On the example of the same pyramid, he no longer simply collects it so that one object is held on the other, he tries to pick up its elements in accordance with their shape. He begins to select the elements not by selection, but by eye, distinguishing the difference between what is greater and which is less.
By two - two and a half years the child can already start picking objects, focusing on the example offered to him. He can choose and submit at the request of parents or other adults exactly that cube, which is similar to the cube offered to him as an example. Does it make sense to say that the choice of the subject in terms of visual characteristics, the task is palpable more complicated than the selection by means of its fitting? But whatever the case, the child's perception will develop according to a certain scenario, first he will learn how to choose objects of the same shape or size, and only then the same in color.