When buying a house, you should pay attention to the presence of the garden, because in the hot summer day you will have a desire to escape from the annoying baking sun, and except for the "concrete box", you will not have more options. But if there is an orchard, it is very good to put some kind of couch and lie down under the tree. Is not it nice? In addition, the trees will delight you with tasty and juicy fruits, which you can enjoy, lying on the same couch.
But let's be frank. Firstly, if the garden was not there, and you planted it, it does not mean that next year you will be able to enjoy all its positive gifts. For several years you will only look after him, and bring it in return for you, for now, nothing will happen. But it does not matter. It will not last very long, so ...
If the garden is already quite old, the trees are big, then be happy. Both you and your garden will benefit from each other. Perhaps you can even earn on this, because caring for the garden - selling the fruits themselves, is very well paid. No, this will not bring you a stable profit, but it will work out for you exactly.
But not everything in our life is as simple as it might seem at first glance. A good owner, well, or the landlady should know how to care for their farming, and in particular - how to care for the orchard. And again, the garden is not an animal, it can not be brought into the apartment during the winter, and continue to look after in the "summer" way, therefore absolutely different approaches are needed here. And, of course, we'll tell them now.
Let's start, probably, from a difficult period, namely, from winter. After all, winter provides us with difficult conditions for caring for the garden.
Everyone knows that in winter in the trees, at least some activity ceases, and therefore this is the period when you can take care of the orchard without hurting it. What does it mean? This means that in winter we will need to prune the trees: all dry branches, as well as those that were affected by scab and powdery mildew, must be cut off and then disposed of, that is, burned. At the same time, if you see fruits on the tree that are not fallen (they are also called mummified), then also remove them and burn them. Do not also forget about the old trees. They need to be rejuvenated, that is to do too pruning, that's just what we will do to make a strong thinning of the top of the crown and a decrease in the height of the tree. Also, you will need to find the skeletal branches at the top, then remove the strong and old (3-4 years) vertical branches - fatty shoots, unless you have already removed them before, in a timely manner. This will provide the tree with good light access to the lower tiers of the skeletal branches. And this, in turn, will preserve fruit formations in those places. And without the light they would perish.
We think you know, but still we will. In spring, that is, when there is a thaw, it will be necessary to whiten the boles and skeletal branches. To produce this you need twenty percent solution of lime.
During the transition from spring to summer, trees require careful protection, since the parasites are just around the sea. For this purpose, a special integrated system of protecting the orchard from pests and diseases is being developed. The essence of this system is that at the time of bud blossoming, a "blue" spraying with a three percent Bordeaux liquid is carried out, or 0, 4% with copper chloride solution.
When April comes, and the buds turn pink, it is necessary to spray spray fast food. You need to raise 3ml for 10 liters of water. If the swastika on sale is not found, look for similar in composition preparations. This solution works well against moths, powdery mildew, aphid, apple sawfly, leaflets and pjadelits. And know that the period of spraying an apple or pear roughly coincides with the period of flowering of the apricot. But remember, if the flowering has already begun, it means it's too late to spray.
Taking care of the garden is not difficult, as you can see. But let's continue.
If the flowering has already begun, after 10 days, after finishing it, it is necessary to treat the solution with I-58 Novy in combination with a 0.3% solution of copper chloride, which will help protect the trees from apple sawfly, leaf-eating pests, fruit rot and scab.
Further, we will not abuse chemicals, but if there is a need, it is worth using them all the same.
When the whole crop is already harvested, the trees need to be sprinkled with a 5% urea solution, this will help protect the tree from scab pathogens. After a while, just when the tranquility phase begins to set in, it is necessary to trim with the number of cuts. Also, the branches need to be shortened. This is done after a visual inspection. It is necessary to clearly see where and how they are going to grow.
At the same time, many perform half-rejuvenation and thinning of old carpets, which will provide trees with the optimal ratio of generative and vegetative buds, or, what would have been clearer: the ratio of fetal and growth buds.
Do not forget about fertilizing your garden with organic and various mineral fertilizers. Remember that if the tree is well provided with nutrients, only in this case the tree will give you the maximum yields and will be better able to withstand against different pests and dangerous diseases.
Another point that is worth recommending. You can change the soil, which contains black steam, on the soil, with a tree-humus system - this is most beneficial in modern conditions with mandatory irrigation.
We have just analyzed in detail all the features of care of the garden. As you can see, this requires certain physical costs, as well as knowledge. But it's worth it. After all this read, go back to the beginning of the article and fantasize, and you will understand that this is all for good reason.