Providing a more comfortable life for a person, deprived of physical activity, technical progress played a cruel joke with him. After the peak in the Neanderthal period, when the primitive individual had to procure food by hunting and defend himself against dangerous dangers at every step, the curve of man's motor activity creeps steadily down and at the mark "XXI century" stops just above zero. From lack of physical activity, the spine, joints, bones, not to mention cunningly hidden diseases, which, as usual, are found at the most inopportune moment, suffer first of all.
It is interesting that most of the diseases known today were met at the dawn of civilization. One of the most ancient problems of mankind is the disease of the joints. In the Neolithic period arthrosis of the joints and spine reached 20% of the total number of diseases (possibly due to the presence of primitive people in dark and damp caves, poverty and monotony of food, unfavorable climate). Excavations have shown that ancient people had a lesion of bones and joints with tuberculosis. Especially widespread was the disease in Egypt in the Bronze Age. The art of treating fractures long before our era is evidenced by ... mummies: it turned out that 2500 years before AD. e fractures were treated, observing the principles of immobilization of fragments of bones. In the immortal "Iliad" of Homer it is said about the art of doctors "cutting arrows" out of wounds, "driving out blood" and wounding "with sprinkles of doctors." It is even mentioned about a medicine that gives a local anesthetic effect.
By the middle of the 18th century, there were already enough descriptions of congenital and acquired deformations of the musculoskeletal system of children and adults. These disparate data needed to be systematized. 50 years before the French Revolution and a century before the discovery of anesthesia in Paris, under the authorship of Nicholas Andri, professor of medicine at the Royal College of Paris, Nicholas Andrie published a book with the characteristic for that time detailed title "Orthopedics, or the art of preventing and correcting deformities of the body in children by means available to fathers and mothers and all those people who have to raise children. "
In the preface, Andri writes that he derived the word "orthopedics" from two Greek words:
orthos - "straight" and the pedie - "child" and that the book will contain the data of "the correct physical education of children."
Initially referred to the correction of deformities in children, the term "orthopedics" was gradually transferred to adult practice. Today orthopedics is a division of medicine that studies congenital and acquired deformities and disorders of the functions of the musculoskeletal system and develops methods for their treatment and prevention.
In Russia, orthopedics goes hand in hand with traumatology (they are considered to be one profession), but in some Western countries they are considered to be two separate professions: traumatology is understood as emergency medical care, and orthopedics is the correction of mistakes of nature and ... traumatology, specialists.
Against the backdrop of serious diseases, say, such as malfunctions in the cardiovascular or nervous system, orthopedics has always been considered a "sister-zamarashkoy." The traditional attitude to this section of medicine is rather frivolous. And in vain! This is a treacherous area, because many adult orthopedic diseases come from childhood: torticollis, flat feet, scoliosis. The orthopedist can detect violations from the first days of the child's life, and some diseases, such as congenital dislocation of the joint, asymmetry of the shoulders, shoulder blades, stoop, curvature of limbs with competent treatment are completely cured in early childhood. Therefore, it is accepted throughout the world that, in addition to the pediatrician, the newborn was examined by an orthopedic surgeon in the hospital. And in the planned order it is necessary that the child visit the orthopedist every three months.
Orthopedic pathology is very common: every adult at least once in his life suffered from osteochondrosis. For a million people in a thousand, there is a need to replace the joint. So, in Moscow with a population of about 10 million each year, it is necessary to do three thousand serious surgeries, before which patients practically do not walk, and after them move freely and even dance.
And yet, human health is priceless and in order to preserve it, you need to think about yourself and your loved ones, whom you value. Ask yourself the question right now - do you want to live happily ever after? Then throw bad habits, join the ranks of people leading a healthy lifestyle.