The Uzvar violets were "domesticated" relatively recently - in the early twentieth century. For this comparatively short time, senpolia has won worldwide popularity due to its endurance, compactness and ease of culture. In addition, these plants are able to please you with their flowers for almost a year, if you keep them in proper conditions. They are really charming, these house flowers of violets and care for them are not difficult. There are certain rules for the care of the senpolia, adhering to which you can grow your plants healthy, with strong leaves and bright colors.
In the greenhouses and specialized flower shops there is a huge selection of sap lands - the plants differ in size, shape of the leaves, color and shape of the petals. There are both pottery and ampel forms of the Umbarian violets - you can choose the variety to your taste. All this - hybrid varieties of violets, derived specifically for growing in indoor conditions. The initial varieties of these violets come from Central Africa, therefore they are not at all adapted to the conditions of our apartments. It is the origin of these plants that explains their need for even temperatures without sharp changes and protection from drafts. Cultivate your violets at temperatures from 16 to 20 ° C, and on frosty winter nights place them away from the cold sills. Constant hypothermia of the plant leads to loss of its shape: the leaves become pale green, the petioles overly elongate. Such plants are too weak, because in summer they do not blossom most often, and the atoms can completely die in the early spring.
The second important requirement that Senpolia makes is good illumination . In winter, pots with the Zambian violets should be placed on the most illuminated place in the house, the southern window is the best option. Often it is the lack of light in the winter that leads to a lack of flowering in these plants. To avoid this, you can illuminate the violets with fluorescent lamps of 40 watts, setting the lamps 30-40 centimeters from the plants. Thus, the length of the light day should be increased to 14 hours.
In the summer, however, the violets need shading from the direct sun , otherwise the edges of their leaves will turn yellow, then the leaves will form light yellow spots that can eventually turn into holes, greatly damaging the appearance of the plant.
The next golden rule, which should be remembered when caring for the gentry is cautious watering . Water these plants with water at room temperature and so that water does not fall on the leaves. The soil in the pot should never dry out, but beware of pouring violets: from overabundance of moisture, root rot can develop, which often leads to the death of the plant. You can alternate the usual watering with watering from the pallet.
Never water the senpolia with cold water, this can lead to the formation of dry brown spots on their leaves, which can greatly disfigure the plant.
The Umburian violets require a relatively high humidity of air, but it is very undesirable to spray the leaves . In the summer, small droplets of water remaining on the leaves after spraying are able to work as small lenses, collecting and strengthening the sun's rays, which leads to the formation of micro-burns on the leaves of the city. In winter, these droplets contribute to the supercooling of the plant, which makes it weak and prone to various diseases. To increase the humidity, put a wide container of water between pots with violets. You can fill the tray with moist pebbles and install pots with plants on it, and periodically spray the pebbles from the spray gun. If the humidity of the air is excessive, leaves and flowers may form mold: this may be a symptom of the defeat of senpolia with powdery mildew or gray rot. Both diseases are caused by a fungus, therefore, an effective method of treatment is the treatment of the plant with a systemic fungicide, which can be purchased in flower shops or greenhouses.
During the period of active growth and development (spring-summer), the violets of violets need to be fed with a weak solution of mineral fertilizer suitable for ornamental-flowering indoor plants.
Transplanted vizmara violets rarely - only if the roots filled the entire pot and for this reason the growth of the plant stopped. Transplantation is carried out in the spring, using plastic pots and a light permeable soil with an admixture of peat.
Propagate Senpolia leaf cuttings. For breeding, choose strong, well-developed leaves with cuttings 3-4 cm long. Immerse the cuttings to the base of the leaf in a substrate suitable for senpolia, pritenite from direct sunlight and keep the temperature at about 20 ° C. Somewhere in a month there will be first shoots, you can transplant them into separate pots when they grow up and get stronger - in about another three to four weeks.
This is really fascinating business - growing indoor flowers violets, and caring for them does not require you to do much. Adhere to simple rules when caring for your plants and they will long please you with their amazing colors.