Girl, say "yuba". - Herring! "Remember the foreign film" For Family Circumstances ", where a speech therapist comes to Svetochke, who himself hardly speaks half the alphabet? Laughing with laughter, but speech speech defect of a child is a serious matter and it is better to understand it at an early age.
Formation of speech in the child - the process is not fast and, let's say, not linear. The overwhelming majority of children successfully master the language (or even 2-3), which they constantly hear, regardless of their linguistic abilities. It is important only to remember to monitor this process and to know in which cases it is necessary to urgently interfere with the speech therapist, and when it is better to just wait.
GIVE A CHILD TIME
Language skills are fully formed in the child only to 5-6 years. Therefore, the most difficult sounds of the Russian language (whistling and hissing, as well as "l" and "p") can not be given to him immediately. Speech therapists call this state of affairs the term "childish tongue-tie" and consider it a norm. Of course, this does not mean that you should stay idle and wait until the child learns everything: play with him, affectionately point out mistakes. And if you suddenly notice any suspicious symptoms of a speech defect before, before reaching the "control age", without delay, consult a doctor.
SPECIAL PROBLEMS IN CHILDREN 5-6 YEARS
A child lisps or gargles
Wrong pronunciation of hissing and whistling sounds (c, s, w, sh, g), and also slit (p, l) at the age of 5-6 years is a very common phenomenon called functional dyslasia. As a rule, it does not go by itself - consultation of the speech therapist is necessary.
The child speaks little and does not replenish his vocabulary
About such a child they say that he, as a dog, understands everything, but can not say. Children who are silent or children who are stuck in the stage of "children's babble" ("mother", "bika", "kaka", etc.), as a rule, suffer from so-called alalia. If your child continues to use dozens of primitive words after two years, does not change words by case and confuses the gender-number, it is necessary to urgently address to the speech therapist.
The child incorrectly pronounces words
At the age of 2-3 years, funny childish words ("chopper" instead of "hat", "nurse" instead of "berry", etc.) evoke emotion. If the child continues to distort words in 5-6 years, this is an occasion to suspect his dyspraxia, that is, the underdevelopment of phonemic hearing. The sooner you contact a specialist, the better.
The child is unable to memorize the letters
To be able to fluently read at this age is not necessary, but the child should quickly memorize letters and make short words out of them. If your studies do not lead to any results, perhaps your child has dyslexia (common in elementary school is the problem). If you let things slide, this shortcoming will remain with him for life.
The child incorrectly writes, even knowing all the rules
At the lesson of the letter the child often misses and confuses the letters, forgets to finish the sentence, "does not hear" the dictated words. If the kid is diligently engaged, but still writes badly, this means that he suffers from disigraphy or dysor- phography. These are also types of speech defect in a child's speech. In this case, only a specialist speech therapist (or logo-pathologist) can help.
You should also be alert if:
♦ you had a difficult pregnancy or childbirth;
♦ the child suffered a medical condition or was injured at the age of 1-2 years;
♦ at the age of two years the child still did not begin to speak;
♦ the child speaks so illegibly that it is understood only by parents and close relatives;
♦ the child does not speak the words or pronounces only their individual syllables (for example, drums);
♦ the child nasal.
Go to the LOGOPEDU
To choose a good specialist for your baby, it is worth paying attention to the following several signs.
5 signs of a good speech therapist:
♦ Ability to communicate with children;
♦ competent and correct speech;
♦ interesting classes organized in the form of games;
♦ readiness to tell parents about all their methods, about the purpose of each exercise;
♦ Individual approach to the child (for example, refusal to help before reaching the "required age" should alert you).
How long will it take?
Speech therapists do not make such predictions. Each case is individual, and each child is unique. At one, the sound "p" can be corrected for 1-2 lessons, and for another and half a year will be enough. Success also depends on diligence and perseverance - both yours and your child.
OTHER OPTIONS
Not always parental concern about speech defects means that the child does have logopedic problems. There are not many options, but they are possible.
A child is experiencing stress
Sometimes the peak of the speech of the baby (1.5 years) coincides with some difficult event in his life, for example, with a disease, an operation or just the beginning of an epic called "kindergarten". In this case, it is very likely that the child will give out some language reaction to stress: he will begin to stutter or distort words, go away from conversations, etc. In this case, it is necessary, first, to check how psychologically comfortable for the baby the situation in the child garden or home, and secondly, to surround the child with special warmth and attention: more often play with him in quiet games, read or talk about something new.
Does not speak? Check the tongue bridle!
A very common case, when the normal formation of speech is hampered by a too short from nature (or even absent) frenulum of the tongue. In fact, the language is simply deprived of the necessary mobility, so some (or even all) sounds the child simply can not physically pronounce. There are many examples where parents considered their children to be almost deaf and dumb, and then, when at the age of 5-6 they finally brought them to the doctor (where they, of course, immediately cut the bridle), the children, as if by magic, began say all that has accumulated in them for years of silence ... You can view this important detail of the speech device yourself. Ask the child to touch the tip of the tongue to the base of the upper teeth, and then, without tearing it open, open his mouth wide. If the mouth opens, it means that everything is in order with the bridle. If not, the bridle, most likely, is shortened or absent. As a rule, doctors suggest cutting it. But sometimes, if the bridle is thin enough and of medium length, you can try to stretch it with exercises.
HOME LOGOPEDIA
If you want to teach your child to speak clearly and correctly, try to deal with it with the help of the game.
We expand the vocabulary
To the child quickly learn new words, do not learn them from him, but just talk in a natural atmosphere. Read poetry, discuss what is happening. Turn a normal walk into a small trip: ask the kid, what kind of transport you will travel, what will you take with you, etc.
Developing the speech
You can begin to develop speech from infancy: for example, if a baby utters a sound, you pick it up and repeat it several times. After several such repetitions, the child will understand that this is a game, and begins to repeat simple sounds and songs already behind you (like "ma-ma-ma", "ba-ba-ba"). In the future, the tasks will become more complicated: the child can already be offered to finish the line of the familiar verse: "They dropped the bear ..." - "... on the floor", etc.
What to do with the letter "p" ...
Do not forget that the correct pronunciation of the sound "p" is formed only to 4-5 years! Do not torment the child with this problem, do not force it to complex. You can sing with the child special songs ("ra-ra-ra", "quack-quack", etc.), but only in the order of the game. Real exercises are best done under the guidance of a speech therapist if your child does not start to pronounce all sounds correctly by 5-6 years.
Weapons Against Silent
Some children, thanks to the special "understanding" of adults, come to the conclusion that it is not necessary to speak at all: the desired result can be achieved in other ways: by shouting, gestures, mimicry, with one expressive look. Answer him with the same weapon: instead of talking try to communicate information to him with gestures and signs. And for all his attempts to "talk" without words with you puzzled shrug his shoulders, they say, I do not understand. You will not believe how quickly the baby will realize that he needs speech.
WHAT HELPS AND WHAT HAPPENS
Helps:
1. A child lives in a family with older brothers and sisters
2. Parents have a lot and correctly talk with the child
3. Parents control the pronunciation of sounds and correct the baby.
4. Parents read the child aloud before going to bed and discuss the reading
5. The child has the opportunity to play with peers
Interferes with:
1. Parents have little contact with the child
2. Parents lisp with the baby
3. Neuropathic and nerve diseases (both in children and parents)
4. Lack of movement
5. Lack of positive emotions
EXERCISES FOR TRAINING LANGUAGE LANGUAGES
(performed in front of the mirror)
1. The cup. Open your mouth wide, make the tongue a "shovel", raise it for 10 seconds and pull it to the upper teeth (without touching them)
2. FROG. Open your mouth, firmly press your tongue against the palate and, without tearing it away, strongly pull down the lower jaw
3. NEEDLE. Open your mouth and pull out the narrow tab for 15 seconds as far as possible
LINGUISTS IN SHORT WINTERS
Specialists have noticed that if in a "tender" age a child engages in word-making (forms unusual words that, although they correspond to the rules of the language, but are not used in it), then most likely in the future it will be easy for him to learn a grammar and learn other languages. After all, only a person with a subtle language instinct can come up with such masterpieces as "pick the egg" or "turn off the rotator".