The simplest kind of repair is known to be cosmetic. And the lion's share in this process is the wallpaper gluing. The problem is that in addition to the usual - paper - there are still a number of modern materials, also called wallpaper. So let's figure out what's what. All kinds of wallpaper, technology of pasting and their main features are the topic of conversation for today.
PAPER
This is perhaps the most banal material. But this includes both minuses and pluses. Most of us with some degree of skill paper wallpaper can glue know how. Plus they are very eco-friendly, i.e. air is passed through. Although short-lived. However, high-quality wallpapers are required to preserve all their properties, including the original color for 5 years. And this period is quite sufficient to prepare mentally for the next cosmetic repair. Next: paper wallpaper is usually easily removed from the wall at the next repair, but not all types of paper wallpaper are subject to wet cleaning. And more it is necessary to remember that paper wallpaper poorly isolate the sound, practically do not keep the heat and "flashing" all the irregularities of the walls.
♦ However, not everything is so bad. The above-mentioned disadvantages clearly apply only to one of the types of paper wallpaper - simplex. Simplex is a single-layered paper material with a print on one side of it.
♦ Another kind of paper wallpaper - duplex - is much more interesting and popular. This is a two-layer material, covered with special compositions from above. Drawing on them relief, which allows (due to the refraction of light on a different level surface) to level out small wall defects. And additional coatings allow better preservation of paints and make the material more resistant to moisture. Therefore, duplex wallpaper is often subject not only to dry, but also to wet cleaning.
♦ There are special ceiling duplex wallpaper that mimic stucco. They are monophonic, usually white or very light and look very impressive.
♦ In duplex technology, the so-called wallpaper for coloring is most often performed. This is a relatively new material for Russia. But in a short time he gained fame very convenient to use. After pasting the wallpaper on the wall once, you can change their color many times - by repainting! The number of cycles of coloring, depending on the type of wallpaper, varies from 5 to 15! Wallpaper coloring impregnated with a special water-repellent composition, and therefore change their color best with water-soluble dyes, i.e. water-emulsion and water-dispersion compositions. Oily paint will immediately deprive your walls of the ability to breathe, and this is undesirable. Unlike conventional concrete walls, covered with paint, painted special wallpaper look much more attractive due to its structured - a relief surface. The light falling from the windows and from the lighting fixtures differs in different ways from the convex surfaces and creates a unique effect.
♦ Photo walls are familiar to us from the scanty Soviet times. They, as before, belong mostly to the class of paper wallpapers, although they are often covered with special compositions that increase their light and moisture resistance. Modern photo wallpapers are not only different in variety of subjects, but also in a variety of sizes. Some types of these products can cover the entire wall from floor to ceiling. There are wallpapers of a smaller area that create the impression of a picture. Special narrow "photos" are intended for pasting doors. In a word, you can "play" with this material.
VINYL
This type of finishing materials has recently become quite popular. True, there are a lot of horror myths around their vinyl wallpapers about their shortcomings. Indeed, this material is not very ecological, since it is produced by applying a layer of polyvinyl chloride on the paper substrate. PVC is a synthetic material, so wallpaper from it can withstand repeated cleaning with a damp cloth, they are resistant to light and abrasion, and often have antibacterial properties. Although the air is poorly transmitted vinyl wallpaper.
♦ The wallpaper, made in the silk screen printing technique, belongs to the family of vinyl. Add silk threads to the upper synthetic layer. This kind of finishing materials, as evidenced by
one of the most effective and unpretentious. Paints on silkscreen wallpaper do not lose their brightness sometimes for several decades.
♦ It should be borne in mind that vinyl wallpaper often imitate (and quite successfully) more expensive finishing materials. So "expensive" palace interior can get to you very cheaply!
♦ Vinyl wallpaper is undesirable to glue in bedrooms and nurseries. But in the bathrooms, kitchens, halls, they look, and serve just fine. The most exquisite types of vinyl wallpaper often decorate common areas, for example, living rooms or offices.
♦ True, this type of wallpaper requires certain skills during installation. The technology of pasting them is quite complicated. First, not all glue is suitable for their gluing. And, secondly, getting wet, vinyl wallpaper becomes very elastic and stretches well. But, after drying, they give a big shrinkage.
TEXTILE
The basis of this type of finishing materials is all the same paper. And as the top layer it is laminated with threads of natural or blended fibers. The result is a very interesting and practical material: heat-insulating, sound-absorbing, light-resistant and difficult to burn. Plus, textile wallpapers are environmentally friendly, and many species have antibacterial properties.
♦ Especially impressive look so-called velor wallpaper. On paper basis in the production process is applied a pattern, and then the villi velours. The texture of such wallpaper pleases not only the eye, but also is pleasant to the touch.
♦ Another plus of textile wallpaper is that, when glued, they do not need to be adjusted according to the pattern, and the seams between the panels are almost invisible.
FIBERGLASS
The word "glass" in most people causes an association with something prickly, uncomfortable and not too healthy. However, this is a completely wrong opinion about this material. These types of wallpaper are a woven fabric made of substances of mineral origin (quartz sand, soda, lime, etc.), which have undergone special treatment. Therefore, the finishing material, resulting in the end, has a lot of very valuable qualities. They are non-toxic, hypoallergenic, vapor-permeable, but waterproof, antibacterial.
♦ Specialists even recommend to decorate rooms where it is necessary to maintain a certain microclimate and sterility, for example, hospitals.
♦ This type of material has one valuable quality - it is easily attached to any surface - concrete, masonry, wood particle board, metal.
LIQUID
Liquid wallpaper - a modern and very practical material. It differs from ordinary wallpaper in that it is made (from crushed fibers of textiles and cellulose mixed with glue composition) not in rolls, but in powder. They are antistatic, so dust on the surface does not accumulate. Meet modern fire safety standards. This material has thermal properties.
♦ Liquid wallpaper is diluted with warm water and applied to walls and ceilings using an atomizer, spatula or roller. The result is a smooth, seamless surface. However, the installation of liquid wallpaper requires a certain skill. It is very convenient for decorating surfaces that have small roughness, cracks, etc., since liquid wallpaper can serve simultaneously as a putty material.
♦ The color palette of liquid wallpaper is very rich. However, there is not and can not be an ornament on them. Depending on the additional components, the surface covered with liquid wallpaper can gleam, flicker, have a fabric cover effect, etc. True, on a monophonic surface it is possible to create a relief by rolling on a moist surface with a figured roller.
♦ Liquid wallpaper can also be covered with metal surfaces: batteries, pipes. However, before starting the finishing work, the metal should be primed with oil paint, as rust and other stains can penetrate through the mass of liquid wallpaper.
♦ Liquid wallpaper is a great way out if you just moved into a new home. A newly built dwelling, as is known, can shrink during the first two to three years. But if there are cracks on the liquid wallpaper, they can be eliminated in a matter of minutes by applying a fresh layer of coating to the damaged place.
DISCONTINUED
If the above types of wallpaper you do not seem to be interesting enough and original, you can turn your eyes to more exotic materials. Among them:
Lincrust - wallpaper, consisting of a paper base and a layer of elastic plastic applied on it. This material does not stain during manufacturing, since it is assumed that the walls that have been glued to it will be additionally decorated with oil or enamel compositions. Linkrust has a convex relief ornament.
Wallpaper from natural wood veneer. This type of finishing materials externally successfully replaces the plating of the room with wooden panels, but it costs much less. Wallpaper from wood veneer have a paper base, and therefore very environmentally friendly.
Cork wallpaper is a material made from pressed oak bark. They have high antibacterial properties.
Jute wallpaper is obtained as a result of gluing jute fiber on a paper substrate.
Metal wallpaper - an improved look of gold and silver "wallpaper", used at the dawn of civilization. However, if before the walls were simply covered with thin plates of precious metals, now a layer of foil is attached to a paper base and glued to the walls, like most other types of modern wallpaper, though, special compositions. The foil wallpaper is beautifully washed. They have increased wear resistance.
Of course, in order to determine the choice of wallpaper, technology, pasting and other factors, it is not enough just to read about the properties of a particular material. It is absolutely necessary to see all this with your own eyes. But now you, at least, will talk with the seller in the construction shop with the appearance of a connoisseur!