If you listen to what the mothers of babies-babies talk about while walking their children in the park, you can find out three most popular topics: memories of pregnancy and childbirth - this time, eating crumbs - these are two and visits to the children's polyclinic - three. At whom from mothers the crumb often is ill, at whom never during the first year - all it is necessary to regularly visit people in white dressing gowns ... So how many times and what for babies consultation of the doctor is necessary?
The very first doctor
Attentive doctor, laying barely appeared on the light karapuzik on mother's belly, teaches him to apply to the chest, puts crumbs first "evaluation." Who is this doctor? Neonatologist. He is present next to the mother in the delivery room at the time of the birth of the child (or in the operation unit in the case of caesarean section). The doctor examines the baby, assessing his overall condition immediately after birth (at the 1st and 5th minutes), according to five indicators of the Apgar scale: skin color, breathing, heart rate, the nature of independent movements and muscle tone, as well as intensity and emotional coloring shouting. The maximum score for each indicator is 2 points. That is, if the crumb gets 10 points on Apgar, it means "excellent-excellent". Although 9, and 8 and even 7 - also good, but the score of 6 and below is an excuse for the doctor, who decides whether the baby needs medical care. If everything is in order, then mummy with a crumb is left in the nursery for 2 hours - while the child lies on the mother's tummy.
During those 3-4 days (or about a week after cesarean), the same neonatologist will examine the baby every day in the maternity home.
During the morning detour, the doctor examines the child, answers questions about nursing and breastfeeding, and the nurse weighs the crumbs, processes the umbilical wound, lubricates the skin folds with baby oil. The baby in the maternity hospital will be obliged and "total" analysis - for phenylketonuria (congenital impairment of amino acid exchange of phenylalanine) and hypothyroidism (insufficient function of the thyroid gland). Blood from the heel of a crumb of dots will be applied to a special paper and sent to the laboratory, the results will be delivered to your district clinic.
Council. If in the behavior of the baby you will be something to worry about - do not wait for the morning detour, contact the children's department for help at any time. When it is time to return with a crumb from the hospital, do not forget the extract from the history of the development of the baby. You will give the original to your local pediatrician, and you may need a photocopy if you need to contact a specialist in the clinic.
Visits of the district pediatrician
Before discharge from the hospital, the nurse will specify the address where the baby's family will live. This is to ensure that the data on the baby were transferred to the district clinic. Do not be surprised if, on the day after the solemn return home, the district pediatrician comes to you - himself, without a call. It is his duty - he needs to visit the newborn on the next day (in extreme cases, not later than the third) after discharge. The first month the district pediatrician will inspect the baby once a week - this is the so-called patronage of the newborn. The doctor on his visit, speaking medical language, will conduct a pediatric examination. What does it include? Assessment of the skin condition of the child, his mucous membranes (mouth, eyes, external genital organs), listening to heart tones, breathing, palpating the tummy, determining the features of the muscle tone and physiological reflexes.
Council. Ask the doctor what to do if the kid behaves strangely: refuses the breast, cries, although full and dry, sharply twitches with pens and legs.
Appointment!
When your baby turns a month, you should visit a polyclinic. Do not be afraid that your precious child is cured by a certain chill teenager - to receive infants in a polyclinic, a special day is allocated to which other children are not taken. If you suddenly come to the clinic on a normal day - it does not matter, since mothers with babies are missed without a queue. Medical Card? It is, if doctors need to go with a child for up to a year, will always be in the office of the district pediatrician, so you will not have to queue up in the registry. So, you are in the doctor's office. For the first time after the hospital, the baby will be weighed, measured the circumference of his head and chest, will find out how much the baby has grown and gained weight in the first month. Let it not bother you that the child was not weighed for a month: if the body weight at birth was sufficient, then there is no need to lay crumbs on the scales once a week. Have all the "checks" been completed? Then the pediatrician writes out the direction to the narrow specialists ...
Council. When preparing for a trip to the polyclinic, do not forget to put 2-3 disposable diapers in a bag, packing baby wet wipes and a waterproof diaper plus spare sliders or slips.
Neurologist and company
In the first prophylactic medical examination (and there will be two more - in three months and a year) the baby is to visit a neurologist, an orthopedic surgeon, an oculist, a lor, a cardiologist. A neurologist is one of the most visited specialists when it comes to a child up to a year. It is important for this doctor to regularly monitor the development of the baby's nervous system, the appearance of new skills and the disappearance of congenital reflexes at certain times. The specialist evaluates the child's general condition, emotional reactions, facial expressions, screaming, motor activity, muscle tone, the condition of the large fontanel, etc. Often for a more detailed study, children are assigned neuro-sonography (NSG) - ultrasound of the brain through a large fontanel. This method should not be feared, because the baby is not irradiated.
The orthopedist (surgeon) will assess whether the musculoskeletal system is correctly formed in a child, whether his joints develop well. The most important examination is the examination of the hip joints for possible dysplasia. Sometimes children (often born before the term) are prescribed ultrasound of the hip joints, while studying the shape and density of all the components of the joint, the presence of ossification nuclei. If a child has problems with joints, the doctor will determine the optimal course of treatment or teach special gymnastics for the prevention of dysplasia. In addition to mandatory visits to the orthopedist, visit his office when you see that the child is preparing to sit, trying to stand on the legs. The doctor will help you choose the right footwear for your child, which will help to form the arch of the foot, tell you if you need an additional intake of calcium or vitamin D.
The ophthalmologist will examine the child's eye bottom to determine if the discs of the optic nerves are properly formed, whether there are crumbs of strabismus, myopia, astigmatism, congenital diseases, problems with the tear duct, which may threaten it with blockage. Often parents are concerned about the "sour" eye in children in the first months of life (which is associated with the physiological constriction of lacrimal canals). The optometrist will help you choose the optimal method of treatment.
Lor (or in the people "ear-throat-nose") examines the mucous spout and the ears of the baby. It is especially important as soon as possible to identify any hearing impairment in the crumbs, if you notice that the baby does not react to your voice, sharp sound or a rattle by the end of the first month.
The cardiologist will listen to the baby's heart so as not to miss a possible violation of blood circulation or vice, which must be treated in the first months of life. Adult and child's heart beats differently, therefore it is not always enough for the cardiologist to just listen to the heart with a phonendoscope, why he can appoint a crumb and an ECG - an electrocardiogram.
See you!
Well, the first medical examination passed, with which we congratulate you! But what about, because it is akin to the first baptism of fire! Now there will be something to tell grandmothers and inexperienced mothers in the park. But seriously - it is not worth neglecting trips to the polyclinic. In "zabudddomovskih" cares and domestic chores, it is possible, God forbid, to miss a disease that has begun in a baby or a violation. Why do we need such troubles? We want the baby to grow up healthy and sturdy umnichko! And so it will be - the truth! And for this you need to know which doctors need to take the child to 1 year, and do it regularly:
- up to 6 months on a monthly basis;
- from 6 to 12 - every two months.