What do experts advise?
Let's start from the very beginning, that is, from the moment of your pregnancy: the success of the event will largely depend on the correct choice of the maternity home. Ideally, it would be good to find a clinic that works under the special program "Child Friendly Hospital." In this case, the first application of the newborn to the breast will necessarily take place in the maternity ward, within half an hour of the appearance of your crumbs into the light. Even if there are any complications during the delivery and for some reason the mother or baby is in the intensive care unit, the maternity hospital will make every effort to reunite with Usually in maternity hospitals of this type, even after cesarean section, the mothers are allowed to be near the newborn no later than 12 hours after the operation.While the first application to the breast takes place, no one will offer a bottle with a milk mixture to crumb (as it is Unfortunately, it still happens in many Russian and Ukrainian maternity hospitals.) Of course, not all mothers are lucky, but even if you do not have a "Child Friendly Hospital" next to you, try to agree with your doctor and midwife beforehand, at the same time etc lozhit newborn crumbs to the breast. And emphasize that this should be a full-fledged, and not formal (for several minutes) application.
Correct application
The joy of meeting with the baby is not overshadowed by painful sensations, cracks and abrasions of the nipples, if you immediately begin to apply it correctly to your chest. Most children themselves are able to suck in firmly and make correct sucking movements, they are helped in this by congenital reflexes. However, to determine whether it is true whether the nipple is located in the mouth, and to correct, if that, such a crumb, of course, is not able. This mom should help him grab the chest as deep as necessary, so as not to injure the nipples and at the same time not to interfere with the free flow of milk. The fastest and most effective way to learn how to properly breastfeed a child is to see how more experienced mothers feed their babies. Even during pregnancy, try to find a support group for breastfeeding or to talk with any mom who successfully breastfeeds her baby. Do not be shy, ask her to show how exactly you need to put the baby, most likely you will not be denied help and support. However, if you do not have any nursing mother nearby, remember some fairly simple tricks that will help at the very beginning of feeding. Gently rub the nipple over the child's lower jaw, wait until it begins to reflexively open the mouth. At the moment when the crumb opens the mouth as wide as if it was going to yawn, with a quick and confident movement, draw it to yourself so that the nipple and the lower part of the areola are as deep as possible in the mouth of the baby. During sucking, the child's chin should be pressed to the chest, the lower sponge is turned outward. Appreciate the shape of your nipple. Do you think it reaches the soft palate when the baby sucks? If the nipple is flat or retracted, pinch a soft wrinkle from the areola, hold it for a few seconds after the baby has sucked. With sufficient elasticity, the areola of the nipple occupies the correct position in the mouth of the crumb.
Is not the hunger hungry?
Most young mothers are concerned about the question: how do you know how effectively a child sucks, does he eat? Often in maternity homes of newborn babies begin to feed from a bottle from the first days of life. Of course, it will be extremely difficult for a newly mum to argue with a pediatrician who recommends supplementation, arguing that the baby is starving. And yet it is important to understand: early supplementation of the mixture can adversely affect lactation so much that it is worth every effort to do without it. Try to find out yourself if your child has enough milk. In the very first days a baby can very easily suck mother's milk, only if it is really well attached to the breast. The movement of crumbs, which swallows milk well, can not be confused with anything: it seems as if he pushes his mother's breast from below with her chin. One correct sucking movement: open mouth - pause - closed mouth. The longer the pause, the more milk your child will receive with this sip. An incorrectly attached baby usually takes a sip only during milk tides, when the flow is strong enough. Or you do not hear any sips at all. In this case, carefully take away the breast from the crumb and try to apply again, already correctly. The chair of the child, who normally eats, should become much lighter than the meconium (the first-born feces of a very dark color) about the third day after birth, which was released in the first days after childbirth. The volume of the chair by the fourth day should increase substantially. The cause for concern is the dark, lean chair of crumbs by the fifth day.
One more indicative moment: the amount of urination per day. Focus on such a scheme: up to a two-week-old age this number should roughly correspond to the number of days that your child fulfilled. For infants of older age, the indicator of good nutrition will be 12 or more urination per day. It is also very important for a young mother to know that in fact there are no special recommendations regarding the amount of milk that must be sucked for one feeding. Keep in mind that the norms that are indicated in the table on the jar with the adapted mixture concern only children who are on artificial feeding. Landmark is this: Usually for a day the sucking baby sucks out the volume of milk, approximately equal to 1 / 7-1 / 5 of its weight. And what exactly portions he will drink this volume, it does not matter at all. Well, if the weight gain is 125 grams a week or more.
Attention! These factors are not indicative of a lack of milk: lack of a feeling of fullness of the chest, poor results of control, too frequent or long sucking, restless behavior of the baby at the chest; crying after feeding. In general, controllable weights before and after feeding so far loved by many domestic pediatricians do not always give a reliable result. And yet, if it turns out that the child, after spending an hour and a half on the chest, sucked everything out, only 20-25 milliliters, this is a sufficient cause for concern.
In any case, before introducing supplementation, try to contact an experienced breastfeeding consultant. Most often it turns out that it's not about the poor ability of mother's mammary glands to produce milk. Very many babies simply can not get milk from the breast because of the wrong technique of sucking.
Physiological
One of the most important rules of successful breastfeeding is: effective application is possible only if the baby's position is right at the breast. Arrange the baby at the breast without errors, and then his lips and tongue will automatically take a physiological position, and feeding will be a pleasure, both for mom and for baby.
Correctly
1. The child lies on his side, facing his mother, his tummy is firmly pressed to his mother's stomach.
2.The head of the baby lies on the bend of Mom's elbow. The back is flat, comfortably supported by my mother's forearm.
3. The chin of the crumb is almost pressed to the chest, the back of the neck and the cervical spine of the baby are on the same line.
Wrong
1. The baby lies on his back with his stomach up, only his head is turned to his mother.
2. The head of the baby on the bend of Mom's elbow, but the back is bent by hook, her mother does not support.
3. The backrest is straight, it conveniently lies on the mother's arm, but the head is thrown back, the child is difficult to swallow milk and keep the breast.
Take a pose, Mom
Sometimes inexperienced mothers experience difficulties simply because they can not find a comfortable position and relax in the process of feeding. Try to apply the baby to the chest from a variety of positions, so that all the parts of the mammary glands are effectively emptied. A small "secret": the most active outflow of milk during feeding takes place in the area indicated by the chin of the crumb Let's look at the most typical feeding postures of the baby.
In the prone position at the first time after childbirth (especially if they were with complications), it is necessary to feed more often. You can serve the crumb breast, leaning on the elbow. From the top of his mother is usually easy to see if the baby has opened the mouth wide enough, therefore, it is much easier to catch the right moment for applying. However, it's hard to stay in this position for long: the back, shoulders and arms get tired. It will be much more comfortable to lower your head on the pillow, and arrange the baby on the elbow bend, tummy to yourself. With your free hand, help the baby take the breast correctly. Put an extra pillow under your lower back so that the muscles of your back do not strain, and you can completely relax.
The sitting position , or the "cradle", allows you to feed the child anywhere, without attracting the attention of others around him, simply turn the child to face him, firmly press his tummy to his belly, and the crumb should be located to you not sideways, namely the face While feeding the breast, draw it to yourself, and do not go forward (this is very important), then the main weight of the baby during feeding will lie on your diaphragm, and not on your hands, and you will not get tired, even if the baby wants to suck longer. even weigh such a small It's very easy and pleasant.
"From around the corner" (so aptly called the position "out of the armpit" is one merry mommy). To make it easier to explain, let's assume that you are feeding your child from the right breast. Put two large pillows to your right, or use a special thick cushion for feeding in the shape of a horseshoe. The head of the crumb should lie on your right palm. Turn it with your legs to the back of the couch, draw it to your chest with your right hand with the movement that ladies usually do, pressing your elbow to a small expensive purse. When feeding in this position, the upper outer lobes of the mammary glands are very well emptied, which most often suffer from stagnant milk.
Do not forget that lactation is a hormone-dependent process. And the amount of milk produced by the mother directly depends on how often the stimulation of the breast occurs. After all, hormones that support the production of milk, are actively formed precisely in the process of sucking. Simply put: the more a baby suckles, the more mother of milk. In order for the amount of milk to meet the needs of your baby, breastfeeding should not be on a strict regime, but on demand. Do you see that the little one begins to worry a little? Do not wait a long time, offer a breast even before he cries, in response to anxiety or search movements with his lips. There are no three-hour breaks, which some pediatricians and nurses still like to talk about, you do not need to stand it. Night and early morning feedings (from 3 am to 7 am) give a significant increase in milk for the next day, as it is during these hours that the "milk" hormone prolactin is especially actively developed, by the way, feeding on demand is not necessarily, always, initiative, only a child.Mama herself can offer him a breast when she needs it: for example, with a feeling of strong filling, if the baby has slept for a long time and does not suck for more than 3-4 hours.
About the decanting
If you feed your baby on demand, then additional breast expression is not needed. Milk's milk is always produced exactly as much as its child needs. But the excessive volume of milk, formed after regular decanting, may well cause lactostasis. So be extremely careful!
Do not try to artificially limit the feeding time. All the information about how many minutes young children need to eat is taken from the ceiling. Different women have completely different breast capacity, the width of the milk ducts, different strength of the flow of milk, and the style of sucking does not even look like that of twins. let go of my mother's breast, when his need for sucking will be finally satisfied. "Do you feel that your chest is empty and the baby is still full?" Therefore, offer him another. "Do not follow the principle of" one feeding - one breast ", unless the child has identify Leno problems digesting lactose. Just like you do not look at the clock, but look at the child to determine if it's time to feed him, focus not on the schedule, but on the feeling of fullness of the breast and on what hand at the moment it is more convenient for you to hold the crumbs.
About vodichku and lures
Most modern pediatricians do not recommend drinking water from a child who is breastfeeding, and also give him a pacifier. Having drunk some water, the same amount of milk the baby will receive less from your breast. Whenever a crumb sucks anything other than the breast, there is a danger that the breast will then suck properly, and the amount of milk may begin to decrease due to insufficient stimulation. In those cases when a child has to be fed on medical grounds, it is better to give supplementation not from the nipple, but from objects that can not be sucked. It can be a spoon, a cup, a syringe without a needle, a drinker or a special device for breastfeeding. According to WHO, about 30% of children give up breast after just feeding from their nipples once. Children who are exclusively breastfed, as a rule, do not need additional water and the introduction of complementary foods up to 6 months. It is known that having become acquainted with additional food at the age of up to 6 months, the baby begins to poorly absorb vitamins and trace elements from mother's milk. And of complementary foods, unfortunately, he will begin to absorb them in full still not very soon. So why rush, risking a disorder of the stomach and allergic reactions, if the milk contains all the vitamins necessary for the baby, and they are absorbed by the children's body completely without a trace. It is generally believed that if by 6 months your baby still receives milk, then successful breastfeeding has taken place. However, this does not mean that we must start weaning the baby now or when he will be one year old. WHO experts are convinced that breastfeeding should last up to two years, and if the mother and child wish, then, perhaps, longer.