There are only a couple of different kinds of reactions to vaccination in a child - in particular, these are local and general reactions. Let's consider each of them in more detail.
Local reactions to vaccination
A local reaction is one that occurs directly at the place where the needle of the syringe filled with the virus was injected. Usually, these manifestations are standard for all vaccinations: the punctured site swells up, redness is observed, a condensation forms beneath the skin, and often this place hurts trivially. All these various reactions of a local nature are nothing more than an "answer" of tissues to any component of the vaccination. Sometimes on the place where the injection was made, a small red rash appears akin to an allergic rash. Even rarer - but also quite possible - painful enlargement of the lymph nodes, which are as close as possible to the pricked skin area.
If we talk about the timing of local reactions in a child - then they can arise almost immediately - within about 24 hours after the vaccine was introduced. And hold, in principle, can be long enough - from two to ten days. Then swelling, redness and pain disappear. However, if you can still grope for a small solid ball at the injection site for two months, this is quite normal. He resolves slowly, but confidently, and, moreover, does not cause any painful sensations in the child.
Now let's talk about emergency care that you can provide the child.
To begin with, make sure that the baby does not have any extra loads - he should rest more, lie down. In addition, it should be surrounded only by positive emotions. If the pain is very severe - you should give an anesthetic. And in the rest - to get rid of local reactions only time will help, there are no particularly effective means against them. Of course, you can get information about the compresses used in these cases, or warming meshes from iodine, or about solutions of magnesia and cabbage leaves - but this does not apply to help. Perhaps they will ease the situation a little, but the inflammatory process will not take off for half an hour - that's for sure. It is rather a means for those parents who simply can not sit still and wait patiently until all this goes by itself.
Usually, local reactions to vaccination are a phenomenon that is not an occasion for a momentary treatment in a hospital. However, this does not mean that such reactions in principle can not carry a danger. In fact, there are local reactions of different degrees of severity: mild, moderate and severe. Determine this degree can be quite simple. Only measure with a ruler the diameter of the reddened and swollen place. If the diameter is less than 2, 5 centimeters - then, it is not necessary to worry - this is an easy degree of severity. If the size varies in the range from 2, 5 to 5 centimeters - this is an average reaction. Well, more than 5 centimeters is a heavy reaction. The latter also includes cases when lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels become inflamed. Here it should be noted that if the reaction to vaccination is of medium or severe nature, then you need to urgently consult a doctor.
General reactions in the child
What can be attributed to the general reactions of the body to the vaccine? Firstly, this is the increased body temperature - the most common phenomenon. Further, we note weakness and a certain drowsiness, headaches, nausea with vomiting, pain in the tummy and joints, occasionally - short fainting. But these are the most common and banal reactions. If we talk about the rarer, then it is worth mentioning the allergic reaction, and even the development of all kinds of infections (this is due to the fact that the vaccines contain the causative agents of infections - not all organisms can cope with them).
General reactions are the same as local divide by severity. However, everything depends on the body temperature. So, if it fluctuates within 37, 1, - 37, 5 degrees Celsius - then this reaction is called easy. If the temperature rises to 38 degrees, this is an average reaction. Well, if higher - then the reaction to the vaccine can be called severe. Usually, the temperature rises on the same day that the vaccination was performed. She can stay a couple of days - and then she will leave herself.
If it is 4 days after the vaccination, and the temperature still rises above the mark of 37, 3 degrees - should consult a doctor.
How to avoid the appearance of reactions to vaccinations?
1. All mothers know that there are specially created vaccination calendars, which indicate the optimal time for vaccination. They are designed to reduce the risk of reactions.
2. Strangely enough, but the proper care for the baby (in particular, good nutrition, frequent walks, healthy emotional and physical development) ensures that your baby will likely undergo a vaccination well.
3. If the child is sick - it can not be vaccinated!
4. Although vaccinations are called "planned", you still need to look at the circumstances. It is pointless to drag a child into the frost. You can also postpone vaccination if you need to leave, or if someone in the family is sick.
5. If you already know exactly what day you will go for vaccination, then four days before that date, do not let the baby try any new food.
6. By the way, the less the baby is eating before vaccination - the easier it will transfer it. The digestive system of crumbs should not be overloaded - the body already has a serious "battle" with the virus, so it is not necessary to weaken it. Do not force the child to eat by force.
7. An hour before vaccination is not recommended to give a child something from food.
7. Before the vaccination, the child must poke.
9. Dress the baby on a hike to the hospital, respectively, with the weather, do not overheat.