Very often there is a hit, by inhalation (aspiration), foreign body in the respiratory tract. Usually this happens with young children who use small objects during the game, or they inhale food while feeding. A variety of small objects can enter the respiratory tract of children. Foreign body in the upper respiratory tract in children can threaten their life, so it is necessary to urgently consult a specialist. ENT-doctors very often extract from the nose, lungs, bronchi, larynx and trachea of children all kinds of small items, toys and parts of food.
Baby learns the world, and puts many things in his mouth and tastes. Most cases of aspiration occur with children up to three years. The swallowing function of the baby only develops, so children often choke on eating with solid food.
Young children can not explain what happened, so sometimes adults go to medical institutions for help when it's too late.
Foreign object in the respiratory tract.
Getting into the upper respiratory tract, the foreign body often blocks the lumen of the trachea and bronchi. If the air is partly blocked, it will hardly reach the lungs and exhale when exhaled. If the air is completely blocked, air gets into the lungs, but no exhalation occurs. With complete blocking of the respiratory tract, the foreign object acts as a valve, so it is necessary to urgently help the child. Every parent is simply obliged to know how to provide first aid in this case.
A foreign object can be fixed in the respiratory tract, or "travel" through them. If a foreign object falls into the larynx or trachea and the necessary first aid is not provided, the child's death may occur in a few minutes.
Foreign body in the respiratory tract in children. Symptoms and Diagnosis.
Symptoms:
- Unexpected cough;
- Wheezing and noisy breathing;
- Cyanotic skin;
- Severe shortness of breath;
- When crying, a deaf, hushed voice.
Often an alien object enters the bronchi while the baby is unattended. In this case, the parents can not pinpoint the reasons why these symptoms appeared. It is usually assumed that the child has a cold, and do not go to the doctor, but begin self-treatment. This is very dangerous for the life of the baby. If the objects in the respiratory tract permanently block the bronchi, the child may have a number of different diseases:
- Emphysema;
- Pneumonia;
- Pneumothorax;
- Purulent pneumonia;
- Pleurisy;
- Bronchial asthma.
Foods that get into the respiratory tract may start to decompose, causing, thus, inflammation, which is very dangerous for the life of the child.
In case of any suspicion of aspiration and complete blockage of the respiratory tract, the child needs urgent first aid. Then urgently take the baby to the doctor.
Based on the story of the parents and the signs characteristic for aspiration, experienced specialists will make a conclusion about aspiration. With any signs of aspiration as an additional diagnosis, the child is given X-ray diagnosis, tracheobronchoscopy, auscultation.
First aid.
- If the child inhaled an alien object, it is necessary to tilt the child's body sharply forward and slap the palm on the back between the shoulder blades. If the foreign object does not come out, repeat the procedure several times.
- If a foreign object has got into the baby's nose, ask him to bleat. If as a result an extraneous body is still in the nose, you need to urgently go to the hospital. Before rendering first aid, the child should stand or sit and not cry. You can not try to get the object outside.
- The most effective method: hug the child from the back, so that the hands are locked into the lock on the abdomen under the ribs. The protruding parts of the thumbs should be pressed repeatedly on the epigastric region several times. Repeat reception several times.
- If the kid has lost consciousness, it is necessary to put his stomach on the bent knee, so that the baby's head was as low as possible. Then not strongly, but sharply to strike a palm between puppies of the kid. If necessary, repeat the procedure several times.
- As soon as possible call an ambulance.
Treatment of a child with a foreign body in the airways is organized in special ENT departments. Treatment is carried out under general anesthesia with the help of tracheobronoscopy or endoscopic special forceps.
After the foreign object is extracted from the infant's airways, he is prescribed treatment to prevent the onset of inflammation. The child is given a course of antibiotics, physiotherapy, massage and therapeutic gymnastics. Complex treatment depends on the complexity of the defeat of the respiratory tract and the degree of complication.
If a foreign body can not be extracted from the respiratory tract of the baby, or if it is necessary to prevent bleeding or a purulent complication, surgical intervention is used.
After the termination of treatment of the child should see an ENT doctor. A few months later, an additional examination and treatment of the respiratory tract to exclude the hidden pathological processes.
Prevention of ingress of foreign bodies into the respiratory tract of children.
Aspiration is a life-threatening condition. Parents should closely monitor the baby. Do not leave your child alone. Do not give the child toys with small details, even in the presence of adults.
It is not recommended to feed the baby with seeds, nuts, peas, small sweets or dense whole berries. Do not expose your child to risk.
Both parents must be able to provide first aid in the event of a threat to the life of the child.