Mushrooms are not only very tasty, but also a nutritious product, which includes a large number of plant amino acids, proteins, minerals and vitamins. Grow mushrooms can be easily done at home, because all methods of growing mushrooms are very simple and do not require special financial costs. To grow mushrooms to bring their results, you must strictly adhere to the rules of their cultivation.
Mushrooms in the home
At home, you can easily grow and harvest not only champignons and veshenok, but also shiitake mushrooms. Of course, it is worth considering the fact that each variety of fungi needs special content rules. For example, the mushrooms are suitable conditions of not more than 25 and not less than 28 degrees, oyster mushrooms - 15-20, and wood mushrooms - 12 degrees, plus special trimming of tree trunks.
By the way, the total time of harvesting mushrooms is also different: mushrooms and oyster mushrooms can be observed in about a month, but wood mushrooms not earlier than next year. Therefore, it is best to choose those mushrooms that do not need special growth conditions and requirements. So, growing mushrooms at home should be based on the characteristics of each variety.
Preparation of premises for cultivation of mushrooms
For the cultivation of mushrooms at home, it is best to use any underground or aboveground room (basement, garage, vegetable store, barn). This space should allow you to create an appropriate temperature mode, ventilation, lighting and humidity. By the way, from one whole square meter you can easily harvest up to thirty kilograms of mushrooms. Therefore, you should definitely take into account the total area of the room. The floor in the room should be made of concrete or brick, and the walls are flaked and whitewashed with the help of lime. As soon as you bring the room in a proper way, do not forget to completely disinfect.
Preparation of the main substrate
Cultivation of any mushrooms begins with the selection and preparation of a nutrient medium (substrate). As a soil, you can use straw, cereals, husks of sunflower seeds, sawdust. Any of these materials must first be crushed, and then soak and boil in boiling water. After that, the resulting mass is squeezed out so that if you squeeze it into a fist the water is slightly visible.
Inoculation of mushrooms
Now in the substrate cooled to 30 degrees it is necessary to bring the mycelium evenly, calculating 300-500 grams per 10 kilograms of medium. Wet sliced need to be folded into bags and tied. After the formation of the mushroom blocks, they can be safely demolished in a prepared dark room, where an appropriate level of moisture is observed. Arranging bags on the shelves is so that they can be easily accessed.
Creating appropriate growth conditions
The air temperature at the time of incubation should be 20-25 degrees, but the humidity is 90-95%. By the way, in order for the fungi to rapidly germinate and receive the necessary gas exchange, it is necessary to cut about 15 holes in each of the mushroom blocks on two sides.
Care for mushrooms
After the bags have a whitish color, you need to lower the temperature to 20 degrees. Then you need to turn on low light. In the event that the mushroom blocks are in the basement, twenty square meters of one 100-watt bulb will suffice. Lighting should continue for 9 hours a day.
Also, growing mushrooms requires periodic ventilation of the room, this is due to the fact that the fungi are very active in carbon dioxide emissions. In a small room, an artificial ventilation using a fan or exhaust is suitable.
Proper Harvesting
Harvesting mushrooms should also be able to, in a bad case you will damage the mushroom block, and it will not be suitable for the next harvest. Collecting the harvest, you need to glue in the bags old cuts and do a number of new ones. It is not necessary to give the mushrooms aging, because they will not get any tastier, and it will be very harmful for the next harvest!