Allergic rhinitis refers to one of three allergic diseases, such as: atopic dermatitis (inflammatory skin disease ) and allergic bronchial asthma . As mentioned earlier, this runny nose may occur with close contact with the allergen , i. E. with a substance that causes an allergic reaction. In order to know why this type of allergy arises, you need to consider the allergens that cause the disease:
- Home dust or dust from old books, interior items;
- Ticks that live in house dust;
- Food (from fruits and sweets to seafood);
- Allergens of insects (this can be their scales, wings, paws)
- Allergens of mold and yeasts;
- Medicines (most often antibiotics or certain groups of vitamins);
- Pollen of plants
- Genetic predisposition (if the parents of the child are prone to allergies, then the appearance of this kind of cold and the baby is not ruled out)
Many mothers are puzzled how the child can recognize the common cold. In order to understand that your child is allergic rhinitis, you need to know what are his symptoms:
- Sneezing, which has a pronounced form of attack;
- Nasal discharge, usually watery in color, transparent;
- Itching in the nose;
- Nasal congestion, especially at night, when the baby is sleeping. Less common are cases of difficulty breathing with nasal congestion.
At an allergic rhinitis it is possible to reveal and a number of the external signs accompanying to deterioration of a status of a mucous nose, i.e. you will be able to recognize the allergic rhinitis by a number of signs and without a doctor. However, remember that in the future you need to contact an experienced specialist. Now we will tell you how to recognize the allergic rhinitis in your child by primary signs. You can observe some swelling of the face and difficulty breathing, the sick child breathes mainly the mouth. A strong sign is a strong red eye and tear. Sometimes there are dark circles under the eyes, very often a child can scratch or just rub his nose with the palm of his hand. As studies show, this form of cold commonly affects children or adolescents. In addition, it is proved that in the family of a child who has this form of rhinitis, there must be a relative who has some form of allergy. Based on the symptoms, doctors classify three degrees of allergic rhinitis: mild, moderate and severe. If there is no decrease in working capacity and sleep disturbance, then this is an easy degree; if there is a decrease in working capacity, problems with sleeping - an average degree; and finally, if the symptoms are pronounced - a severe degree.
Allergic rhinitis is also subject to seasonal classification. Here distinguish: seasonal, which makes itself felt in the period of spring and summer and year-round, manifested throughout the year, regardless of the season. Seasonal rhinitis often occurs in the spring or summer, when everything is blooming and the main enemy is, first of all, pollen. This type of rhinitis can occur after trips to nature, after direct contact with animals, during cleaning. On the allergen most often can indicate the patient himself, if this is not a very small child.
It often happens that an allergic rhinitis is a harbinger of allergic conjunctivitis or even bronchial asthma. Unfortunately, allergic rhinitis is not the only form of the common cold, so it can be very difficult to determine this or that form of rhinitis (note: medicine distinguishes - infectious, hormonal, medicamentous, psychogenic, atrophic, professional, etc. rhinitis), because they all have similar symptoms. So what if your child suspects allergic rhinitis? First of all, it is necessary to visit two doctors: lora and allergologist-immunologist. The allergist will be able to confirm or disprove the presence of rhinitis, and ENT will report a pathology if it exists (note: do not neglect the visit to the loran, even if the child is already diagnosed with allergic rhinitis, because there are related problems that need to be solved only by treatment together with anti-allergic).
The most important point in identifying this insidious kind of common cold is the cause, i.e. recognition of the allergen that causes the disease. In modern medicine, two types of diagnostics are used to solve this problem:
1. The setting of skin tests is the application of scratches to the patient's skin, on which several drops of a pre-prepared allergen are dripping. This method of diagnosis is the most reliable, but it has its drawbacks: Firstly, it can not be carried out during the period of exacerbation of the disease, and secondly, antihistamines (kestin, suprastin) should be canceled 5 days before the procedure, which can significantly worsen the patient's condition . A big plus is the age of the patients on whom this diagnosis is carried out - from 4 to 50 years (contraindication - pregnant and lactating women).
2. The blood test for specific immunoglobulins E is performed by taking blood and detecting the allergen according to the results of the study. This analysis can be performed during the period of exacerbation, and it has no contraindications, therefore it is considered more convenient. But this analysis is quite expensive and quite high frequency of erroneous results.
If you are involved with an incompetent doctor, your child may be asked to take a blood test for the leukolysis reaction with food . To do this, you have to bring some food particles. The results of this analysis absolutely do not correspond to the true state of affairs. If your child is confirmed with a diagnosis, you need to know several rules for treating this disease, and also remember a few names of medications so that doctors can not fool you and force you to buy the drug more expensively. In general, the treatment is based on two mandatory items:
1. Removal / reduction of inflammation on the mucous child;
2. Conducting a specific allergen therapy.
Most often for the treatment of allergic rhinitis prescribed antihistamines, such as zirtek, telfast and others. Many of them are sold in a pharmacy without a prescription, but still do not drink them yourself for a long time, because they can cause serious side effects: for example, a violation of the heart.
Very often, patients with this form of rhinitis make a big mistake in the treatment, namely, the use of vasoconstrictive drops (eg: naphthysine, vibrocil), which seem to facilitate breathing for a while. Prolonged use of these drugs always causes an allergic rhinitis, and also dries up the nasal mucosa. Very good action has a new drug - NAZAVAL , which is based on cellulose . Due to this substance in the nose formed a special microfilm, which does not allow to penetrate allergens inside. But, unfortunately, this drug has no special effect in case of exacerbation, it is better to use it as a preventive agent.
The most effective way to treat this subspecies of rhinitis is to conduct allergen-specific therapy. This treatment is performed only by qualified doctors - allergists in clinics. The essence of the treatment consists in the introduction of small doses of the allergen into the patient's body, with a gradual concentration of the substance - as a result, resistance to allergens appears. This way you can cure and destroy all the symptoms of allergic rhinitis. Surgical methods of treatment are used extremely rarely, only if the patient has any lor-potology.
After you have already learned how a child can recognize an allergic rhinitis and how this can affect his health, it's just right to tackle it! In addition to treating allergic rhinitis, you must follow certain rules, depending on allergens or simply having information about the presence of this type of rhinitis:
- It is necessary to ventilate the room;
- Dry the bed linen in the fresh air;
- Reduce contact with animals and flowering plants;
- Be attentive to foods such as citrus fruits, sweet foods.
- At the time of flowering, the patient should be taken to another place;
- Rest in the mountains and on the coasts significantly reduces rhinitis of all kinds;
- In the apartment you must buy an air purifier.
Observing a number of simple rules in conjunction with the therapy / treatment prescribed by the doctor, your child will be able to breathe in full, without fear of allergens. The most important thing is correct diagnosis, timely treatment and hygiene in the conditions of your life. Now you know how a child can recognize an allergic rhinitis and how to help him with this disease. Remember, an allergic rhinitis is a disease that significantly complicates a baby's life, but you can and must fight it!