It's one thing to wrap an immovable dummy, and quite another - a wriggling and screaming child! Well, seriously, almost every young mother, and even more so the father, experiences similar difficulties in the first days after discharge from the hospital.
Most expectant mothers during pregnancy reread a lot of literature about the process that is happening to them, and about the upcoming birth. At the same time, they leave the study of books and magazines about children for later, thinking that they can do this after childbirth. But where there ...
As a result, most parents act randomly or follow the advice and recommendations of their mother or girlfriends.
Caught together with the baby one-on-one at home, many parents feel a sense of confusion.
However, even if you managed to get some information for yourself about newborns, in most cases, whether from excitement, or from joy, all the available knowledge and skills are quickly evaporated. Even if you were lying in the ward "Mother and Child" while in the hospital, there was always an experienced nurse and a nursery nearby, and the child was most likely taken to you only for a few hours a day, and certainly they were taken for the night. Another point - in the maternity home almost all the children spend most of their time quietly sleeping, and upon returning home for unknown reasons the picture most often changes, up to the opposite.
But, believe me, the situation is not as tragic as it seems at first glance, and many mothers will understand this when they learn how to take care of the baby in the first days of life. Each young mother after the birth of the baby manifests the innate instincts transmitted to her along with the genes of her mother and grandmother. They allow her to take care of the baby correctly, guided only by one instinct. Moreover, after a few days you will get used to each other. Learn to understand the baby from his first word (more accurately, the sound), so that during communication with him, happy and happy smiles all the time will flash. However, in order to take care of the crumb only for his benefit, and parents would be only in joy, they need to follow several important, and most importantly, useful principles of care and communication with the newborn.
So, for the forgotten, we remind, but for the ignorant we inform you all the necessary information about the proper care of the newborn.
Child in arms
In the first month of life, the newborn has a further development of the bone and muscle systems. All the joints of the baby are very weak, the tissues in them are still soft, fragile. Because how you hold the child, will depend on the correctness of the formation of the bends of his spine, the structure of all the muscle fibers and the shape of the hip joints.
In all movements and movements of the baby, follow these rules.
1. While the child has not learned independently and confidently to hold a head, you should support it in the back of the neck and neck. It is not allowed to hold the child so that the head is tilted back.
2. You can not take a newborn with one hand and raise it by the hands.
3. To lift and lower the baby follows smooth, slow movements, without sharp jerks and jerks.
4. Talk all the time with a crumb, smile, never shout and do not swear at the child. The newborn responds very sharply even to not very loud sounds. The child takes time to get used to new sounds and your voices.
Feeding the baby
For a newborn, nutrition is the most important and vital process. Since in the first year of life there is the most significant jump in the child's physical growth and intellectual development, he must regularly replenish the energy and energy expended.
The best food for the baby is breast milk. It contains all the necessary substances, as well as immune antibodies, which protect it from various diseases. How to breastfeed without problems?
1. During feeding, mom and baby should take the most convenient position - such that they can hold, without experiencing discomfort, for a relatively long time. Remember that the process of feeding can take from 10 minutes to an entire hour and longer. Here you need to focus on the needs of your baby.
2. If it is more convenient for you to feed sitting, then the crumb should be placed face to face and close enough to your chest that he did not have to reach for it. Gently pushing the baby close to him, fix it in a straight position, so that the head and trunk are on the same straight line. The baby's nose must be open and level with the nipple. The head is slightly turned to the side. Direct the crumb, holding it by the head and shoulders. Choose feeding mode, first of all, focusing on the needs and desires of the baby, and only then on your own preferences.
4. Do not rush the child and do not take the breast from him, if you see that he has not ate enough. Note that the saturation time for all children is different. It depends on the amount of milk in the breast, the size of the milk ducts and the strength with which the babies suck in milk. Some children can eat enough, devastating the whole breast in 10 minutes, others lie, sipping milk, hour and more. Remember that the most useful for babies milk - the back - comes only at the very end of the feeding.
5. Watch closely the signals that the hungry kid gives. Usually, the children begin to smack, move their lips and tongue, turn their heads, actively stir the arms and legs, thereby expressing their discontent. Do not lead to a weeping cry. By this you only once again injure the nervous system to yourself and your child.
6. To prevent inflammation and cracks in the nipples after feeding, it is recommended to wipe with a clean dry diaper, completely removing any remaining moisture. Frequent washing of the teats increases the risk of cracking. To maintain the hygiene of the chest is enough ordinary water procedures. If there are unpleasant or painful sensations, after each feeding, lubricate the nipples with a drop of your breast milk or a special healing cream for the chest.
7. Use the feeding time only for rest and communication with your child. Do not be distracted by other things, walk around the house or constantly change position, thus distracting the crumbs. In the future, you will remember the moments of breastfeeding as the happiest and most beautiful moments of your life together.
How correctly to put the baby to the breast?
First, clasp the chest with the palm so that the four main fingers are located at the bottom, and the big one - on top of the chest. Keep the chest almost at the very base of the breast, while the fingers should be placed as far as possible from the nipple, at a distance of about 5-10 cm, depending on the size of the breast. If the crumb does not react to the proposed breast, touch it with your nipple to his lips. When he opens his mouth, he must be moved closer to his chest, and not vice versa! The mouth of the baby should be wide open, the lips are elongated with a tube, the tongue is located behind the lower gum. The lower lip should protrude slightly so that the chin touches the chest. The nose can also touch the mother's chest, but do not interfere with the baby's breathing. It is important that the child grasps the entire nipple and the skin around him (areola), because in the process of sucking the lips, the gums and the tongue of the baby squeeze the area around the nipple, and not the nipple itself.
With the right application of baby's cheeks inflated and actively working. In case of incomplete capture of the breast, insufficient saturation of the crumbs and the occurrence of cracks or other damage to the mother's breast. If you feel the pain while suckling the breast, gently squeeze the little finger on the lower lip of the baby, it will reflexively open the mouth. Then gently pull out the chest and try to apply the crumb to the breast again.
If you feed your child with one breast in one feeding and another in the next, at first you can record on which breast you stopped. If one breast is small, give both breasts in one feeding. And the next feeding begins with the chest on which you finished. How to take the baby in your arms?
The baby lies on the back
Lean over the baby to reduce the distance between you and the baby. Fingers of one hand gently lift his head. Then completely grasp her entire palm, supporting the neck and the back of the baby's head. Hand the other hand under the back of the waist. Slowly lift the child and press him to him.
The kid lies on the tummy
Bring one hand under the baby's chest so that your thumb and index finger support respectively his chin and neck. Place the other hand under the tummy. It is better if you do this from below and along, between the legs of the baby. So the surface you fix will be larger. Lean over the child and also slowly lift it. Holding the baby with both hands, press him to yourself.
How to keep the baby?
On his hands, facing him
Arrange the child in his hand (as in a cradle), tightly pressing it to his chest. His head should be on your elbows. With your shoulder and forearm, you fix the baby's shoulders. Support his hands and ass with his palm. The other hand holds his legs, the pelvis and the back. In this position the crumb feels very comfortable, the position is most convenient for motion sicknesses, and also when the child needs to be reassured.
On the hands face down
Place the baby's belly down on his forearm. In this case, the head and neck of the child lie on the elbow, and your shoulder and palm fix it on the sides. The other hand passes between the legs of the child and supports the hips and tummy. The fingers of your hands should be widely placed for the best fixation of the abdomen and back of the crumbs. This position is optimal for long-term movements, since it allows the kid to look around all around.
On the chest and shoulder in an upright position
Place the baby on his chest and shoulder, keeping it in a vertical position. At the same time, his body should occupy the greater part of your chest, and your head is comfortable on your shoulder.
With one hand, hold the back of the neck and neck of the crumb, the other - fix it under the back and legs, wrapping them around the forearm and palm.
It is very important to hold the baby, firmly pressing and supporting its lower part of the trunk. This position helps with colic, as your body warms the tummy of the baby. Be sure to hold the child in a vertical position after eating, since this method contributes to better digestion in newborns, promotes the release of air trapped in the stomach. Put on your shoulder a handkerchief or napkin, it will be needed in case of belching of baby excess milk.
How to put the baby?
If the crumb fell asleep on your hands, then in order to shift it (for example, into a crib), you need to first slightly remove it from yourself, then bend over and gently put the child, without pulling the hands so that he does not feel the changes. If the baby continues to sleep sweetly, after a few minutes, slowly remove your hands. In advance, place a warmed diaper or blanket on the bed, so the crumb does not react to changes in temperature and surface. If you need to move a child from one place to another (for example, from a sofa to a crib), lay it on a wide pillow or a baby mattress.
The baby should be carried along with the pillow (mattress), gently supporting it in the area of the head, back and legs.