Davallia is an epiphytic perennial plant, the rhizome of which is creeping, fleshy, elongated, covered with scales of various forms. The leaves of the plant are evenly dissected, strong, drooping, leathery, can be of different shapes from triangular to narrow-oval. Due to the appearance of the leaves, the davallia is popularly called the hare's foot. Petiolus long, smooth. Sporangia spherical, located on the apex of free veins; The goblet spreads along the edges of the leaves.
Indoor plants davaliya (hare's paw) grow best in the form of ampel plants, since the falling hairy rhizomes of their pot look exotic. With the help of davallia it is good to create epiphytic compositions.
Types of davallia.
Canary davaliya - a perennial perennial plant (also known as Canarian Trichomanes). It grows in North Africa, the Iberian Peninsula, the Canary Islands. The rhizome of the plant is thick, straight, covered with elastic subulate leaves of brown color. Leaves are leathery, four times pinnately-dissected, in length grow to 30-45 centimeters, in width 22-30 centimeters. Leaves are densely sessile, serrate, dissected, oval-rhomboid. Petiolus straight, grows to a length of 10-20 centimeters. Sporangia are countless, collected on top, densely located, goblet covering. Decorative view. A cool room is suitable for this plant.
Dense davaliya - a perennial perennial plant. The native land of this species is Polynesia, Australia, the Malay Archipelago, Malacca Peninsula. The rhizome is woody, thin, covered with filiform scales. Leaves are wide-triangular, thrice pinnate, in length grow to 30-50 centimeters, wide to 15-25 centimeters. Leaflets linear, finely lobed; dentate, sterile rounded; Fertile with one sporangium on each lobe.
Quark brown, glossy, length reaches 30 cm. Highly decorative species can be used as an ampel plant. For cultivation, moist and warm rooms are suitable.
Bubble davalya - perennial plant. The native land of this species is tropical Asia, China and Japan. Has a creeping rhizome, covered with light brown hairs. In this species davallia leaves three times, or four times pinnately-dissected, in length reach 20-25 centimeters, in width of 15 centimeters. Leaflets are deeply dissected, linear, the upper leaves are notched at the edges. On the top of the leaf shares sporangia. The plant has a goblet. Highly decorative appearance. For cultivation, a warm and warm room is good.
Care of the plant.
All kinds of davallia like diffuse bright light, however, from direct sun rays the plant needs to be protected. The plant will grow well on the west or east window. Plants davaliya can suffer a certain shade, but they will grow slowly.
The optimal temperature for dense davallia and bubbly davallia is 18-22 degrees. Lowering the temperature leads to the death of the plant.
For the Canary davallia in winter it is allowed to lower the temperature to 16 о С.
Watering should be abundant, soft warm water. Watering is carried out as the upper layer of the soil dries. In winter, watering can be slightly reduced, for example, not on the same day as the top layer of the substrate is dried, but on the next day, however, it is impossible to dry the soil. For watering a leuka with a narrow spout is best suited, so you do not wet the overgrown rhizome that gets out of the pot. Lower watering in this case will come in handy.
Dawallia are plants that do not tolerate dry air, so they should be grown in a room with high humidity. Humidity can be maintained by regular spraying, or you can put a pot of plant on pallets with expanded clay or wet peat. Spraying is carried out by constant soft water. Canary davallia easily tolerates dry air.
Fertilization is carried out by a diluted fertilizer from April to September. In the autumn-winter period, no additional fertilizing is required, since they can cause a serious disease in the plant.
These houseplants can be transplanted in March-April every two years.
The earth composition should consist of peat, deciduous humus, river sand (all taken in the same parts). For this plant, broad pots are best, at the bottom of which there should be good drainage.
Davallia multiplies by means of pieces of rhizome with the presence of 2 leaves. To do this, a piece of metal should be made with a metal support, with this support it becomes on the surface of the soil. After 2 months, roots appear.
Spores of davallium can be germinated in a mixture of sand and peat under polyethylene at a temperature of 20 degrees.
Precautions: spores of plants can cause asthmatic reactions.
Possible difficulties:
- Low humidity can damage the spider mite.
- Do not use drugs that make the leaves glossy.
- Protect from direct sun rays that cause burns.
- In autumn and winter, to avoid disease, do not fertilize the plant.
- For normal life of the plant, use light substrates.
- Damaged: whitefly, thrips.