Until recently, everyone was confident of the sta- ble growth of the Russian economy, and an indispensable attribute of the developing consumer society-life on credit-promised only "right now". The moment of reckoning began, as usual, unexpectedly. The crisis caught us unprepared! Can I now buy a car or an apartment on credit? Is it possible to take a mortgage on unfinished housing? Who is being given credit now? And is it worth borrowing now, or is it better not to get involved in debt relations with banks? We are looking for an answer to these questions together ...
ONLY NUMBERS
The next, after the default of 1998, a test of the strength of the Russian banking system happened 10 years later - in autumn 2008. However, panic among the population, the Central Bank and the government managed to stop, on the one hand, confident statements by the top officials that "the crisis of Russia is not terrible," and on the other, raising the amount of the insured deposit to 700,000 rubles. In December it was clear that ordinary people stopped taking their money from banks, and the latter no longer worried about their operations.
However, from the beginning of 2010 it became obvious: the problems are just beginning and do not want to be resolved. First of all, this is facilitated by "bad" loans. As soon as the creditor (bank) has doubts that the borrower (the client) will return the borrowed money (with interest, of course), the loan is declared "not good". If the bank does not receive its profit from loans, it can not pay interest to those who, in turn, lent money to it (deposit holders). All this has forced banks to seriously reconsider their policy with regard to loans granted. First of all, there was a reduction in loan programs. The most long-term ones - mortgage loans - were the first to hit. Absolutely frozen lending programs on the security of uninhabited and unfinished real estate.
The volume of issued auto loans in comparison with the end of last year decreased five times. The rates on average have doubled (from 10-15% to 20-30% in rubles), the number of approved applications has been steadily declining from the record last year of 80%, while the size of the down payment (about 30%) is increasing.
Consumer lending has also undergone changes and is not in the best for borrowers side. In an effort to reduce costs, banks close the offices of "express loans", so annoying us in large stores of home appliances last year. Against the backdrop of disappointing forecasts of rising unemployment rates on short-term loans in cash also rose to record levels (a figure of 40% of the total cost of the loan today no one is surprised). At the same time, owners of payroll credit cards faced a serious reduction in the available limit.
PORTRAIT OF THE IDEAL BORROWER
In connection with the crisis, the characteristics that determine the level of trustworthiness of the potential client have changed. As a rule, banks take into account many factors at once: age, profession, income level, marital status, etc.
In the category of risky borrowers, there were workers in the industries that had previously been considered the most stable: the financial and construction sectors, metallurgy and the advertising business. At the same time, the situation of state employees has changed dramatically - they have become almost the most desired customers of banks. They took the loan easier.
Among their clients financial organizations want to see people with a stable position. Young people (under 21) without a financial profession or even a higher education receive a loan without guarantors is almost impossible.
LIGHT AT THE END
Now the situation of the credit market is rather shaky. However, against the common truth that only cheap loans are moving the economy, it is hardly possible to object to anything significant. Realizing this, the state organized several programs designed to support the mortgage and car loans markets. In the first case, however, the priority task is to save existing borrowers. For them, a standard was developed for refinancing loans with the help of the Agency for Housing Mortgage Lending. The state co-financing of the auto loan rate has two goals at once: to support the banks and to promote the development of the domestic auto industry. The essence of the program is that the purchase of cheap (up to 350 thousand rubles.) Car can be carried out using a loan at a reduced rate. However, the expansion of the market for credit services analysts unanimously called unlikely. Banks will have to abandon the excess profits that provided loans, and consumers - from the majority of unplanned spending and return to the model of gradual accumulation to the desired. And to answer for yourself the question "Is it worth borrowing now?" Is negative.
5 REASONS TO REFUSE THE IDEA TO TAKE A CREDIT:
1. You do not have a personal budget for the loan period.
2. You want to buy something that you already have.
3. You have to pay fines for late payments on utility bills.
4. You already have a debt load.
5. Purchase is not urgent. If you can move your goal for six months ahead, perhaps you do not need to resort to bank money. Delay the estimated contributions to the replenishable deposit, and you will have a chance to beat inflation.