The end of the second half of the year is characterized by special mobility, the desire for independence and the curiosity of a little man. Usually babies in 9-10 months already know how to crawl quickly enough and gradually pass to the next stage of physical development - rising, moving and moving in space in an upright position. Kids 10-14 months master a whole series of individual skills that are, as it were, transitional and associated with changing the mode of movement and changing the position of support (from the position on all fours to the standing position).
First, most of the children work out the technique of getting up and walking along the support, for example, by staying overboard the cot or an arena. The child rises on the legs or moves with stepping steps from one end to the other. Then the children learn to walk in various directions with a support, for example, slowly go forward, holding on to a wheelchair or pushing a stroller in front of them.
By the end of the 11th month, most of the youngsters are already able to move independently from the support to the support (from the sofa to the chair or from the dad to the mother). Most of the kids walk with the help of adults, and are already trying to get up on their own. By the year, many children are free to stand on their feet without support and go without the help of adults. Some even run when they are held by the hand. By the age of 14, almost all children can freely move from sitting to standing, stepping over the obstacle and climbing the stairs with support, begin to walk independently, climb confidently to low chairs and sofas.
Rules for parents
If you want to quickly see the first independent steps of your baby, help him learn the technique of walking. What should I look for?
Remember that the development of new motor skills by the baby should occur gradually. And the first steps of the child for all parents are an important event and a new discovery. The musculoskeletal system of the child should be sufficiently developed and prepared for the upcoming stresses associated with the transition to the upright. Therefore, do not rush things and the baby himself. It is not recommended to teach him "walking" before he does not complete his technique of crawling to perfection, for it is crawling that facilitates the early formation and development of all musculoskeletal functions, and also develops and strengthens the muscular system.
You should not get involved in the process of walking yourself. Do not forget that for you it's easy and simple, but for your baby is still new and very hard.
Stimulation and motivation
In order to stimulate the child's desire to walk, it must first of all be interested. Try to translate the attention of the baby when he is in the position on all fours, on objects above the level of his eyes. For example, if you see that a child is interested in a toy lying on the floor, slowly move it to a chair or sofa, so that the baby can see how and where you put it. Then, when the crumb is up and reaches the same height with the toy, move it a little farther or put it on the next piece of furniture, prompting the walker to take a few independent steps.You can also create a kind of auxiliary "bridge with handrails" for the baby from various resistant objects: a sofa , a chair, another chair, a bed.
First, arrange them close to each other, so that the child can safely move from one "station" to another. Gradually move them away, increasing the step distance. At first, be sure to help the baby, try not to allow excessive falls, not to recapture the crumbs desires to get up and walk, be sure to praise the child for any, even insignificant, success, thereby motivating him to further exploits.No in any way do not scold for failure and excessive caution!
On a walk, pay attention to the kid on people walking, or better - running without additional support. Although this sounds a little strange, in practice it is rather difficult to find examples of such "speeders" (moving independently and quickly.) Usually people make short walks in the daytime - from home to a stop or car, drive a stroller, sit on benches or walk around, and so on, so to go with the goal and in a straight line ... When we are at home, we generally make a minimum of movements.Therefore, go out with the kid to the park or visit the stadium at a neighboring school where you can meet many walking and running people. Manify what he saw: "A man is walking", "A boy is running."
"I myself!"
If possible, do not use auxiliary tools that create only a visible effect of learning to walk - for example, walkers. Spending a long time in them, your baby can completely refuse to continue developing independent walking, where it will require a lot of effort.
Also, do not get carried away with walking training with support under the arms.
This increases the risk of deformity of the children's shins and feet. In addition, both options can contribute to the development of abnormal posture in the child and displacement of the center of gravity. The most safe and pediatric-recommended aids are "leash" or "reins". You can also use various wheelchairs with handles and other rolling objects, holding onto which your kid stays in a vertical straight position and moves himself. The most optimal methods of support are for hands and hands or for one hand, as well as for a garment (for example, a hood). It should be ensured that the baby does not fall forward and does not bend his back.
Useful game
I think everyone will agree that it is almost impossible to keep a curious and energetic yearling at the same place. Therefore, it is recommended that all physical and developmental exercises be converted into an unobtrusive game. After all around so much interesting! Use your imagination, interested in playing with your baby. Keen by something unusual, he does not notice that he performs a set of health gymnastics. Give the kid fascinating, but simple tasks: "Let's go, let's see this car", "Let's go and count the ducks in the pond." Thus, your baby will not only receive physical exertion, but will also actively develop intellectually.
During a walk, do not abuse the baby sitting in the stroller. Try to use it only as a transport or bed during the child's sleep. Children, whose mobility is not limited, usually learn to walk and run faster. Be sure to take with you interesting items for crumbs. For example, toys on wheels with a long handle, which you need to carry in front of you. Many children, regardless of sex, love to carry their own stroller or a reduced toy.
Walking barefoot
Until the child begins to walk confidently and how to stand on his feet, do not put shoes on him, since this can affect the formation of the correct bending of the foot. At home, the toddler should walk only barefoot or in special socks with a rubberized sole, which, in turn, will serve as a flatfoot prevention.
Relation to falls
When a baby is just starting to take its first steps, be sure to secure it, do not go far, keep it in sight all the time. But, unfortunately, despite your framed hands and all-seeing eyes, at first, numerous falls and bumps are inevitable. Humble, falling is an integral part of the learning process of walking. Therefore, do not be afraid, let alone restrict the baby in motion. You can not scream at every timid step: "Beware! Do not fall, "" Do not go, you'll break! " Children are transferred to your fear, and from your cries they even more doubt the correctness of their actions and also begin to fear to walk alone.
Do not also pull up and sharply grab the baby during the fall, so you can cause him more harm.
Give your child maximum freedom of movement, let him decide what and how to do. Encourage the desire of the child to climb, overcome obstacles, even after falling, he tries to get up, rising from different positions. Remember that a child's body needs a much greater variety of movements than an adult.
Try with the child to climb and peel off from various slides, stairs, benches. Design home "obstacle strips", consisting of pillows, cushions, rugs and other self-made barriers.
Let your little chap often climb on a sofa or an armchair, climb over the armrests and placed pillows. Take care that he descends from them neatly and legs down.
Security
Providing the child freedom of movement, do not forget to provide him with proper security. Carefully inspect your home. Around the baby there should not be any dangerous objects: furniture with sharp corners, easily beating and heavy objects, sliding and rumpling mats. The baby should have enough space for free and unimpeded movement. Use specially designed structures to ensure safety in the house (soft corners on the edges of furniture, door blockers).
Observe the mode
Learning to walk, the kids get tired very quickly, begin to be capricious. Carefully monitor the signs of fatigue and lay crumbs on day or evening sleep in time. Because of the increase in motor activity, the periods of wakefulness may decrease, and rest periods become more frequent.
Do gymnastics
Allocate time for gymnastics, which will strengthen the child's muscular system, which is not yet fully strengthened. After all, muscles and joints, whose work is related to the upright, experience a new, unusually heavy load. Regularly perform exercises that strengthen the entire muscular corset of the baby. Remember the massage!
Keep track of the terms
The physical development of each child takes place on an individual schedule. However, if a child at the age of 10-11 months does not attempt or can not sit on his own (crawl, get up), then consult a doctor. This delay may be associated with rickets.