What are fistulas and where they can come from?

At a word "fistula" the majority of people represents itself simply a large purulent pimple. But it turns out that this is not quite true. To understand what a fistula is, a little lesson in physiology will help. Fistulas are channels that connect two cavities within the body or between them with the body surface. Most often a narrow channel with an epithelium.

To form a fistula in two cases: when there is a pathology in the body or as a result of surgical intervention.

Causes

Dangerous purulent fistulas can appear in the following conditions:

1. Purulent inflammation. If the whole infection is gone, the canal that remained after the pus is out, usually heals fairly quickly. But it also happens that the infection has remained inside and formed a cavity in which pus is gradually accumulated, and the canal of its exit does not coalesce.
2. On the roots of the tooth, fistulas appear during chronic periodontitis and affect the gum and jaw.
3. If after a gunshot wound from the body in time to not remove the fragments of the projectile or bullet, next to them a purulent swelling in the form of fistula.
4. Sometimes they appear near the threads (ligatures), which are used to bandage blood vessels due to their suppuration.

Main symptoms

Let us give the parts of the body on which fistulas are quite common:

• On the gums, the manifestations are expressed by persistent purulent discharge, great mobility of the teeth and pain when touching the teeth or gums.
• Bronchial fistulas can be diagnosed only in the clinic, since it entails the occurrence of a specific endobronchitis.
• If the fistula appears on the rectum, a small hole will appear near the anus, from which pus will constantly flow. The patient has to wear a gasket and take a shower several times a day. In addition, the symptom is severe pain during defecation, which then subsides.

Treatment and prevention

As a rule, getting rid of a fistula is possible only through surgical intervention.

• After the operation, the abscesses are eliminated simply by removing ligatures on the blood vessels
• The doctor removes not only the hearth of infectious inflammation, but all the epithelium that covered the pus outflow channel
• It also happens that fistulas appear in newborn babies. In this situation, surgical intervention is required immediately, since without this method a child can die in just a few days.
• Fistula can not close the fistula without suturing, since its opening is quite wide and can not be closed independently.

Methods of prevention

To prevent the emergence of fistula in adulthood, it is necessary to avoid infectious diseases. It's clear, it's rather difficult, because we all get sick sometimes. But at least you can not let the disease run its course and call the doctor on time to get recommendations for treatment.

Much depends on the surgeon who carries out the operation. Failure to comply with the standard rules for sterilizing the cabinet and instruments can lead to undesirable consequences for the patient. The pregnant women will not be able to take care of fistula prevention in their future children, since these abscesses appear in the first trimester of pregnancy and can be disposed of only after childbirth.

Physicians are advised at the first manifestations of purulent discharge, especially if this occurs after surgery, to seek immediate help, since the development of inflammation and infection in the cavity can lead to serious consequences, such as blood poisoning.