It is difficult to know exactly what the weight of a child will be at birth. The average weight of newborns is 3.3 to 3.7 kg, and the height is 50 centimeters. The bones of the skull are not fused, this helps them to overlap a little, thus reducing the diameter of the head as it passes through the birth canal.
The gestation period is 40 weeks: baby
However, children sometimes come into the world with elongated, egg-shaped heads.
Immediately after the baby's head is cut through the vulval ring, the doctor removes mucus from the child's breathing path through a vacuum electric pump. This will allow the newborn to take the first breath in life. Next, they process and cut the umbilical cord, the baby is shown to his mother, and his sex is reported. At 1 and 5 minutes of life the condition of the baby is estimated on the Apgar scale. Then the little one is carried away to bask, weigh, measure the height, the circumference of the chest and head, he takes his first toilet and receives the preventive actions of the gonoblenorrhea (they instill special medicinal drops into the eyes).
There are changes in the endocrine system of the baby. There is an increase in the adrenal gland and kidneys are increasing. When giving birth, they produce stress hormones: norepinephrine and adrenaline. This process helps the fetus adapt to become an active participant in childbirth and helps it to be born.
The child also has "adaptations" that facilitate the birth process. The most important of them is the condition of the cranial bones - soft and supple, the cranial sutures were not formed and between them there are two fontanel: the parietal - more, located above the bony forehead, and the occipital is in the occipital region.
At 40 weeks there is a continuation of the development of the nervous system and sensory organs. The kid shows a reaction to the signals of emotions that come from the mother. By the end of pregnancy, the baby gives mom a pulse - a sign to the beginning of childbirth, which is the beginning of childbirth.
Before the birth of a child, free bilirubin, which is formed in the child, goes through the placenta and in the liver of the mother passes its neutralization. The formation of bilirubin occurs during the decay of erythrocytes. When a baby is born, the umbilical cord, which connects it with the mother, is cut, and from now on the child's body itself needs to cope with the bilirubin that is being produced.
Questions that concern a woman before giving birth
- Jaundice of newly born babies
After the birth of the baby, the metabolism of bilirubin can be disrupted, and then its blood content becomes larger. Jaundice in a child, in particular a newborn, is more frequent than in adults.
This is due to the fact that the newly born children, who are often not full, the exchange of bilirubin is simply disrupted because of insufficient enzyme activity responsible for bilirubin metabolism. A clear sign of jaundice is the yellow color of the skin and the sclera of the eye.
Treatment is carried out using phototherapy. The baby is placed under certain lamps, in which the rays pass through the skin and destroy the bilirubin cells. It is not yet clear how bilirubin comes out of the baby's body. With a large increase in the content of this substance, blood transfusion is used. - Disease of newborn babies
The sharply increased content of bilirubin in the blood is called hyperbilirubinemia, only a child born this can lead to bilirubin infarction of the kidneys and paralysis of the respiratory center. This disease is more often seen in children who are prematurely born.
The prognosis for a baby depends on the degree of damage to the central nervous system. If intoxication is expressed, there is a nuclear jaundice, if the baby does not die after 5-7th days of life, further lagging behind both physical and mental development. - Baby who is carried
Pregnancy is postponed if more than 42 weeks have elapsed after the last menstruation has ended. The development and growth of the baby in the uterus are dependent on the two main functions performed by the placenta - feeding the baby with nutrients and oxygen. With a pregnant pregnancy, the placenta has already worked out its term, grows old and poorly supplies the baby with the right substances for his life. Therefore, the risk of oxygen shortage to the fetus and its death before and during childbirth is increased.
At the transferred or carried kid at emergence on a skin the skin dry, is shelled and pulled together, fingernails or nails long and are not present hair. In general, these children do not have original grease or very little.
In these cases, it is very important to know the correct number of weeks of pregnancy, since this is due to the way the nutrients and oxygen go to the baby from the placenta.
40 weeks gestation: changes in the pregnant
After 9 months comes the day of childbirth, and at 40 weeks the onset of labor did not come. But there may be a period that was set from the first day of the last month's period, not exact, since with him, doctors think that ovulation was in the middle of the cycle, and the egg could become ready and a week later.
40 weeks of pregnancy - beginning of labor: natural delivery
If a woman decides to give birth without anesthesia, then she should prepare for such births.
True, natural births may not be in all cases and not in all women. Upon arrival in the hospital, the opening of the cervix is only 1 cm (the delivery will take a long time), but the mother is in terrible pain, which means that the natural birth for her will be excruciating. In this case, it is still necessary to use epidural anesthesia.
But if the disclosure of the cervix is 4 cm, the fights are not painful, then the birth in a natural way is likely to be the right decision.
At the present time, the most popular method is Lamaz - active preparation for childbirth. Using this method, you acquire the necessary knowledge and skills of practice before giving birth. Training is conducted by specialists and experienced moms and "assistants". It is important that the future mother is engaged with her "assistant", because the preparation will psychologically help tune in to generic activities.
Preparations for childbirth by this method will be better if the "assistant" of the pregnant woman becomes involved in breathing exercises before the onset of labor and with them. The woman is shown techniques of concentrating attention on things, through which she can relieve the sensations of pain.
It is important that the woman in labor controls the birth process and be prepared for various surprises, because the course of birth can not be foreseen.
The purpose of birth is the birth of a healthy baby. And if there is a need for a cesarean section, this does not mean that the mother fulfilled her purpose. In addition, the operation of cesarean section at this time is safe. And great happiness that now the kids, previously doomed, are now born.