Hypoxia of the fetus is of two types: acute and chronic. Let's take a closer look at each of them.
Acute hypoxia. In almost all cases, it occurs directly during the delivery itself, as a result of a variety of abnormalities in the labor: when the fetal head is in a compressed state for a long time in the pelvic cavity, when the umbilical cord is pressed or dropped, when the placental abruption occurs and so on. In cases where acute hypoxia occurs, this leads to a sharp increase in blood pressure in the baby, a tachycardia appears, and tissue swelling may occur, possibly even with a subsequent hemorrhage. All this leads to very serious consequences, often irreversible. Violated the activities of vital organs, and even a lethal outcome is possible.
Unfortunately, from such cases it is impossible to insure in any way. The most unpleasant thing in this situation is that a woman can not exert any active influence on this process. The only thing that is required of her at this moment is to maintain composure in order not to aggravate an already difficult situation. Let the doctor take everything in his hands.
Chronic hypoxia. It occurs when there is a lack of oxygen by a child for a certain period of time. The extent to which it can negatively affect the health of the baby depends on how long it lasted and how strong the oxygen starvation was.
The causes of chronic hypoxia are as follows.
1. Poor health of the future mother. If the mother suffers from anemia, cardiovascular diseases, pneumonia, bronchial asthma, etc., this can cause a lack of oxygen in the baby.
2. Various anomalies in fetal development. For example, hemolytic and genetic diseases, intrauterine infections, cardiovascular malformations, infection.
3. Pathology of uteroplacental and umbilical cord blood flow. This is one of the most common causes of chronic hypoxia. This is the cord of the umbilical cord, knots on it, its clamping and accent during childbirth, perenashivanie child, detachment of the placenta, rapid or protracted birth and other.
4. Complete or partial obstruction of the airways.
How not to "miss" the hypoxia that has begun? One of its signs, which a pregnant woman can reveal on her own, are the intensification and increase in the movements of the child. Thus, he makes it clear that he is ill. Of course, the reasons for strong shocks may be others, but it's better to be safe and report everything in time to the doctor who is pregnant. Perhaps he will prescribe additional studies that will help to understand: for no reason or no worries.
Based on medical research, a sign that fetal hypoxia has begun is the increase in the heart rate in a child (up to 170 or more per minute) or, conversely, their excessive decrease (to 110 or less in one minute). In this case, heart sounds can be listened to as deaf, and arrhythmia is also possible. Also one of the important features is the admixture of meconium (fetal calf) in the amniotic fluid.