Drawing children: freedom of creativity, development of personality

Baby Malyaki, despite all their plainness, can cause a lot of questions, which are useful to know the answers of every mother. So, drawing children: the freedom of creativity, the development of personality - the topic of discussion for today.

Why and why

One of the most important human needs is to leave a mark. At the earliest stage of the development of society (and scientists have proved that the psychology of the child of the first years of life has much in common with the psychology of the representatives of primitive tribes), drawing was one of the most important, if not sacred, actions reflecting the ability of people to comprehend the surrounding world and transmit their spiritual experience .

Perhaps this sounds difficult and solemn. But for your crumbs, drawing is really a very important process. Drawing develops cognitive, visual abilities, fine motor skills, memory, imagination. But most importantly, drawing is one of the first and available ways of joint creative activity of mother and baby, the zone of emotional rapprochement. Many problems of the "terrible" adolescent period are growing out of the early alienation of mother and child. Therefore, from an early age, one has to be attuned to the fact that it is necessary and useful to draw a child and is useful no less than after some time - to read.

Drawing age

Physically, the child is ready for visual activity from 8-9 months. At this age the child can be shown how to leave his mark. It is the trace, because up to 2.5 years the child is more interested in the process than the result of "creative efforts". At the very beginning the baby can not pay attention to the paper at all, because the source of color interests him much more. Therefore, the first drawing of children - it's chaotic scribbles, scribbling, or, even more often, smeared blots from everything in the world. It can be spilled milk, juice, puree, jam and even dirt. After a year, the child's "drawing technique" changes, he can already consciously hold a pencil, pen or brush, the movements acquire a certain rhythm, the motor orientation appears: the line remains in one direction or the other. But the one-year-old does not know how to connect visual images with drawing. Therefore, it is absolutely inconceivable to teach him to represent even the simplest things.

After a year and a half, the karapuz begins to understand better what he is doing. During this period, all the children draw very enthusiastically. Try to support and direct in the right direction his creative endeavors. Freedom of creativity is very important here, because the further development of the child's personality directly depends on it.

After two years, your kid scribbles already within the sheet, that is, he understands that there is some kind of border of the image. During this period, the hand goes behind the eye. This, of course, is still the Kalyaki-malyaki, but it is amazing that the child tries to voice what he drew: "This is my grandmother, and this I eat porridge." He begins to understand that things, phenomena and our actions are interconnected. However, you can disassemble something in the drawings of your crumb only after three years, when the stage of recognition comes. He pictured something, remembered, and he himself found out that this: here is the sun, here is a typewriter. And its images so far - twist and squares.

Infinite creativity

When a child with apparent pleasure smears mashed potatoes on the table, and dirt - on the jacket, your reaction to these actions is easy to imagine. But for him these "games of the pig" - the discovery: leave your mark, no matter where or what. To direct his energy into the creative channel, you must carefully prepare.

On what to draw? Many parents can not understand the childish stubbornness: why did he paint all the walls and wallpaper, and not paint in the album? At the age of one to two, your child still does not understand what the limits are, the boundaries of the leaf. And part of the picture is inevitably on the table. To the question "why?" He will reply: "My bunny ran away, he hid in the forest!" The reason is simple: there was not enough paper. And it is true. It is very important for the two-year-old to change the space on which he draws. He mentally acts among the depicted objects, and for him they are as if alive, "real". Therefore, it is reasonable to give a large format paper for your children's masterpieces: let it be a Whatman paper, old wallpaper - any track. Space does not have to be white, colorful paper can cause a real "creative breakthrough".

How do we "lick"

Children's drawing has its own logic. A typical drawing of a child under the age of 3 years is scrawl, among which you can find zigzags and rounded lines. After one and a half years, children begin to voice their own scribbling: it's Dad left for work, this doll dances. And do not panic if the fact that only half an hour ago was "daddy", now it has become a "cat". Do not try to find out why everything has changed. He is drawing, playing. The content of the picture has changed, because in the imagination it is already playing another game. Therefore, in drawing at this stage, the main thing is that he can invent content for his scrawls. And the best stimulus for imagination is the interest of relatives: "Well, tell me, what did you draw?"

Do not tell a child. Save his freedom of creativity. If it is difficult for him to immediately answer that he is drawing, do not rush to impose his template: "This is a house." You cut the wings of his imagination. It happens that the child suddenly crosses out or paints something, which was thoroughly puffed for almost half an hour. And the question "why?" Gives a perfectly reasonable answer: "The Bunny Hid" - or: "The house was closed."

Interesting incidents happen with color. You see a blue blob, ask: "What is this?" And with surprise, you hear the answer: "Strawberry". You begin to worry. How do you know if everything is all right? Elementary: gives a picture of strawberries. You ask: "And what is this?" He says: "Berry, strawberry." Such color paradoxes arise because of the peculiarities of the aesthetic perception of your crumbs. Perhaps blue is his favorite color, so it seems to him that it's so "more beautiful". Or he was allowed to draw at first, for example, only with a pen, he simply does not notice other colors except blue, he does not know how to use them. Gradually develop the child's color perception. Unobtrusively explain to him that some things have their own specific color. But at the same time, avoid patterns: the leaves can be not only green, but yellow, the sky - not only blue, but gray when it rains. In principle, a child with normal development understands that the sun is yellow, but if it suddenly turns out to be of a different color, he will give a logical answer: the paint has run out, the pencil has broken, etc.

As for the diagnosis of the psychological state of the child in terms of color, the child psychologists came to the conclusion that up to three years it is not necessary to try to analyze the child's inner world through drawing. It's hard to say why he chose a black pencil: because he fell into the hands first or because he just had a bad mood. In the future, you can evaluate a lot, based on drawing children - the freedom of their creativity, the development of their personality. The main thing is to approach the issue professionally and not to make hasty conclusions. Any manifestation of imagination in the drawings is good. Do not look for pathology where it does not smell.

Adults in children's drawing

Yes, the children draw enthusiastically. But it is difficult for them to express what they care about, with the help of those minimal pictorial skills that they own. The kids have their own inner aesthetic criticism, they can tear the picture if it "did not work out." Adults play a huge role in the creative process, directing, explaining and stimulating, or, conversely, forever closing their irony or shouting doors to the world of art.

RULE # 1: Do not criticize the drawing child directly. Do not show unfulfillable requirements: spend hours carefully sitting on the spot, draw accurately, do not get dirty, do not make noise, understand your explanations from a half-word. Your criticism will forever discourage him from creating anything.

RULE №2: A child is unlikely to learn to draw well if you do not do it with him. Kids often ask for something to draw. They like to watch the recognizable objects appear from under the hands of an adult. Involve him in joint creativity. You can ask: "What do you want me to draw?" - "Vase". You draw a vase, and then ask the baby to paint flowers. It turns out a joint picture. He begins to understand that with the help of a picture you can transfer everything.

RULE №3: Never engage in creative work with a child, if you are not in a mood. Children are emotionally very receptive: the crumb will not draw if they do not feel your enthusiasm.

RULE 4: Avoid stamps. If in the kindergarten to ask the children to draw a house, then it will be standard for all: a square, and on top - a triangle. Pay attention to the baby that the houses are different, so you need to draw them in different ways.

RULE №5: It is impossible to store all children's drawings. However, never tear or throw them in the trash when a child: respect his work.

Methods of drawing

For the smallest, the drawing technique with the help of blots will do. For example, a drop of paint was dropped onto a sheet of paper, folded, then opened and looked at what happened. Then they dripped two drops of different colors - what was the result? For the kid this is magic: the colors are mixed, and something new has happened. Allow the child to draw with his hands.

Very interesting drawing technique with stamps: dipping them in the paint, show the child how from different figures you can make an image - a flower, for example. In addition, introduce the baby with the elements of application and design: on the scribble, paste the flower, carved from a card, a bear, an apple. Show that if you paste cotton wool and paint it with paints, then it can snow.