Almost everywhere in Russia, noble cultural varieties of roses for the winter should be well protected. Not sheltered only cold-resistant varieties, including - most botanical species. But to harbor a plant is very important. Otherwise, he can be badly hurt. How to properly prepare a rose for winter - this article contains complete information about this.
Covering roses, you should strictly adhere to the rule: do not do it too early in the fall. 5 ° C below zero without a tire should carry every tea, that is, the most delicate rose. If some sort does not have this quality, then it is not suitable for outdoor crops. True, do not go to extremes, waiting for significant frosts and deep freezing of the earth. Then it becomes impossible to bend roses and fix them on the surface of the soil. In the autumn, we must make sure that the wood on the branches of the rose bushes has reached the necessary ripeness. This will serve as a guarantee of their endurance in winter. To achieve ripening of shoots, it is not necessary to encourage growth by sprinkling, liquid fertilizer or strong pruning closer to autumn. This will cause the formation of late shoots. Dry autumn for a successful overwintering is better than raw, when the growth of bushes drags on for a long time and when young shoots go to winter completely immature.
Material for shelter is harvested only when the cold begins, predicting the proximity of winter. Before you wrap the roses for the winter, you should remove every unburned twig and all the remaining foliage, so that all this does not cause rotting and does not spoil healthy wood. At the end of autumn, preparations should begin for the wintering of roses. Shrub roses are bent to the ground with the help of wooden pins or a hook, or even with the help of two cross-shaped, stuck into the ground flexible rods. Stamp roses, where available, are bent in the same way, lowering the stem with a light arc. Then, from below, a quantity of earth is tossed to the stem to bend it better. In the process of bending, you must be careful not to break a rose in the place of vaccination. When carefully examining the bottom of the stem, you can see in which direction it was once bent, and in accordance with this, bend.
Roses with a stiff stem are covered in a standing position. The crown is cut as well as in the spring. For the winter leave less ramifications. Then take dry hay or other dry material and shift the crown to them, and on top - they tie sackcloth. Stamp tying spruce paws, straw and moss. You can simply pelted with dry peat or even earth. Shelter of roses in a natural position is possible only where there is no strong frost. In a harsh climate, roses with stiffened stems for the winter are dug and cleaned into the basement. Gentle curly or creeping roses growing in the form of pyramids and columns, as well as weeping forms, for which they are afraid that they are frozen, are surrounded by fir paws or reeds, and moreover they are covered with earth or other material, which will be discussed below.
In amateur gardens, where there are few roses, sand, peat, pine needles, moss, wood shavings, dry oak or birch foliage and fir paws can be used for shelter. The latter, if they can be obtained in sufficient quantities, are perhaps the best material for shelter, because it does not retain rainwater and thawed water, lets in sufficient quantity of air into the crown, so there is no propping and decay of shoots. If the bushes are sheltered with light material, for example, woody foliage, then it is necessary to put spruce paws on it or to cast brushwood over it. In general, where there are few rose bushes, and therefore they are particularly valued, it is better to use wooden boxes for shelter. Under such cover, roses will be reliably protected from excessive dampness and soldering, as the air moves freely inside the drawer. Especially such a shelter is recommended in the northern half of Russia. After all, roses in winter are dying not so much from severe frost, but from obstruction in the period of thaws. Most of this concerns tender tea-hybrid varieties.
There is no need to pour sand and earth on the roses or piles of foliage. This will not save the rose from the cold, but will only accelerate its death from excessive moisture in the winter. After all, even during the frosty frosts, the temperature in the soil at a depth of 25-30 cm does not fall below + 8 ° С, so there is no need to bring the thickness of the covering material more than 30-50 cm. A few degrees of frost will not only not damage the roses, but also they will do a good service: they will warn the decay of shoots. In addition, do not forget that additional protection is provided by the falling out (sometimes in abundance) snow.
And the last. You should never hurry with the shelter of roses in the fall, but you should hurry with the opening in the spring. Roses should be "in cramped circumstances" as short as possible.