Everyone knows how trembling the Japanese are about the land. A catastrophic lack of territory with a very high population density dictates its principles of organization of the garden. Japanese gardens have a small area: they can be from 2-3 sq.m. up to 30-40 sq.m. And if your site is much larger, then it makes no sense to allocate its entire area for the Japanese garden, it will be optimal to simply organize a "Japanese" corner.
It is desirable that the garden area has a fence. This may be a low wall or planting of tall dark green coniferous species.
The most favorable location of the Japanese garden is to the east or south-east. So you can create conditions for the habitat of Japanese plants, although they can be replaced by ours, but matched in style. The most difficult location of the garden - in the orientation to the north, here you need a careful selection of plants.
In the Japanese garden there is a main character, the main character, who determines the entire organization of the garden. By this principle, all gardens are divided into the following types:
- garden of trees. The Japanese have a longing for life among the forests that once were their habitat. This garden is as close to the natural landscape as possible, and therefore fits perfectly into the urban environment. Despite the fact that evergreen tree species prevail in Japan, mixed plantings of evergreen species and deciduous trees often occur in such gardens. This combination allows you to observe the seasonal change in the state of the tree: behind the spring buds swelling, during the summer abundant flowering, in the fall - due to the color richness of foliage, behind the winter graphics of bare branches. A special place in the garden of trees is occupied by the sakura garden. And if you want to create such a garden with your own hands, then it is optimal to use in it a few decorative cherries, a well-groomed lawn and several benches in the oriental style in places with the most beautiful view.
- a garden of stones (its second name is a dry garden). It is he who stands before our inner gaze when we pronounce the "Japanese garden". Usually such a garden is a small flat area, covered with sand or small pebbles, on which, at first glance, randomly arranged groups of rough stones. But this chaos is only apparent - the location of the stones is determined by strict rules, which are the basis in Zen Buddhism. In groups there are usually 3 stones, so the Buddhist triad is cited. With the help of special rakes on sand or pebbles, ring grooves are made around the stones. Traditionally, such a wavy surface means the sea, and groups of stones are islands, however each viewer fills these symbols with his own meaning. An interesting detail - from which point does not consider this garden, in the field of view will get the same number of stones. Such a garden serves as a continuation of the interior and exterior of the house. Such a garden is designed for contemplation, exclusion from the hustle and bustle of big cities, for thinking about the eternal. Of course, we can not, without understanding the principles of Zen Buddhism, reproduce all the subtleties of such a garden, we can only create an atmosphere of calm and detachment.
- garden of water. The Japanese are known for their special predilection for moving water. This is largely contributed to the mountain relief of Japan, which formed numerous waterfalls. Waterfalls can be with a stepped fall, with a drop of one jet, with a falling canvas, with a multi-jet drop, with a filamentary fall. The principles of waterfalls do not differ from European ones, except for two details specific to Japan: the presence of bridges and the device in the stream of water islands. If there is no possibility to make a fountain, then it is possible to create a "dry stream" - when the pebbles are laid on the edge, imitating the bed of the dried river.
- tea garden. As is clear from the title, such a garden is designed for a tea ceremony. Rodzi - this is how the Japanese themselves call such a garden. The main elements of the rodzy: well as a symbol of water for tea; tobiksi - a path from separate stone flat slabs, laid taking into account the length of the step; lantern, playing both functional and decorative roles; tsukubai - a vessel for ablution, which is squatted on; The fence that separates the relatives from the rest of the garden, the most common material for the fence is bamboo. Japanese tea ceremony is a ritual, tea connoisseurs from all over the world come to take part in it. Maybe we do not know all the subtleties of the ceremony, but create the atmosphere of such a garden and treat guests with a cup of freshly brewed tea to our strength.