Proper nutrition in hypertension depends on many indicators (age, the nature of work, the general condition of the body, the presence of other diseases), but there are general principles of the therapeutic diet.
At high arterial pressure, it is necessary to exclude first of all from the diet products leading to its increase. Here they are:
- caffeinated (cocoa, coffee, coffee drinks, strong tea, chocolate, coca-cola);
- Smoked, salted, spicy dishes and products, spices;
- meat and fish of fatty varieties, hard fats, fish oil, ice cream;
- confectionery, with butter cream in the first place;
- liver, kidneys, brains;
- alcohol.
It should be noted that recently 200 grams of natural dry red wine is recommended to be used on a daily basis. If in doubt, consult your doctor.
Table salt in hypertension is almost the enemy number one. Limit 3-5 grams per day, and with exacerbation and completely eliminate it from the diet. Bezolevuyu diet combine with sour juices, herbs, gravies. Try also to refrain from using products that have been repeatedly processed. In them, as a rule, a lot of sodium, and it is harmful to the body hypertension.
Reduce the consumption of potatoes, beans, beans, peas. From bakery products, give preference to black bread, but not more than 200 grams per day. The basis of proper nutrition of hypertensives:
- Lenten meat: turkey, chicken (without fat), veal, young beef;
- fish of low-fat varieties (preferably in boiled form as meat);
- cheese and cheese with a low fat content;
- Friable porridge: buckwheat, oatmeal, millet.
Soups should be counted together with the total amount of liquid consumed per day. It should not exceed 1.2 liters. Low-fat meat soups should be present in the diet no more than two meals a week. In the rest, it's vegetarian, fruit, milk, cereal soups. Vegetables - in a raw, boiled form, in the form of vinaigrettes, salads dressed with vegetable oil.
Be sure to include products saturated with potassium (apricots, dried apricots, bananas, potatoes). Potassium is one of the most useful vitamins and minerals for hypertension. Doctors recommend using it from 3000 to 4000 mg per day. Calcium (800 mg per day) and magnesium (300 mg per day) are also very useful in hypertension.
Increasingly, there is hypertension, developing against a background of excess weight. In this case, dietary nutrition takes on special significance. When hypertension on obesity, the correct diet looks like this: the proportion of fats - 20-30%, carbohydrates (but not easily digestible) - 50-60%.
Contraindicated in this case, low-calorie diets and fasting. Fats should still be present in the diet, but not more than 60 grams per day. Proteins should be contained in food in an amount of 90-100 grams. In this case, give preference to lactic acid drinks, milk, egg whites, cottage cheese, yeast drink, soy flour. Caloric content can be reduced by products containing vitamin K (butter, sour cream, cream).
The products of the sea prevent the early development of atherosclerosis. Sea kale, crab, shrimp, squid are very useful.
Limit the intake of foods that cause bowel flatulence: radishes, radish, onions, garlic, carbonated drinks.
Eat correctly, in small portions 4-5 times a day. Develop a good habit of eating the last time 4 hours before bedtime.