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Causes of dizziness and nausea What is dizziness and what it is?Causes of dizziness and nausea
The feeling of sudden lightness in the head, ringing emptiness and sudden instability of the surrounding world, doctors call a false dizziness or a pre-stupor condition. It can be caused by several reasons:
- Orthostatic collapse
This state occurs when the position of the body changes sharply from horizontal to vertical. Jumped abruptly off the bed - get and sign: white flies before your eyes, blurred vision and unclear thoughts. Sometimes there are attacks of nausea.
What to do? Get up from the bed not abruptly, but after sitting. You can get rid of the problem if you add regular physical activity. Trained people are less likely to know the state of "head ran."
- Hunger
More precisely, a decrease in blood glucose (hypoglycemia). Glucose is the main fuel for the brain.
What to do? To save the situation can even sweet: on it you will reach home or cafe. In the vast majority of cases, fainting does not require special treatment. Though too frequent - an occasion to address to the neuropathologist.
- Oxygen starvation of the brain
Sharp weakness, faintness, fog before the eyes, cotton feet - this is nothing but a consequence of lack of oxygen. The brain is the main oxygen consumer in the body, even the muscles require less. And its deficiency (hypoxia) affects the work of the main regulatory body not in the best way. In order to save energy, the brain partially disables the most expensive and not very necessary, from its point of view, functions. First of all, consciousness. How strange it may sound.
What is dizziness and what is it?
True vertigo (vertigo, from Latin verto - "I rotate") is a feeling of rotation, fall, tilt, or swing of surrounding objects or your own body. From false is different in that in the mechanism of its occurrence some part of our vestibular apparatus is involved.
Physiological dizziness
One of the reasons is the conflict between what the eyes see and the fact that the brain is telling the organs of balance. A classic case is rocking in a bus, on a ship, on an airplane, in an amusement park on a swing-carousel. Dizziness and nausea begin.
What to do? You can calm down the "road sickness" if you take the front seat in the car, do not turn your head, but look ahead to the road. Help and special pills from motion sickness, cookies or lozenges with ginger, cold water. And try to fall asleep while traveling.
Pathological dizziness
It occurs with injuries and diseases. In contrast to the physiological, it is accompanied by a number of specific symptoms, the main one of which is nystagmus, involuntary vibrational movement of the eyes.
What to do? The first doctor to be treated is a neurologist; if necessary, he will redirect to the next specialist. It's not worth it to go for a visit. Additional symptoms of severe dizziness and nausea can accompany a lot of unpleasant diseases, the main ones of which will be discussed later.
Benign positional vertigo (DPG)
One of the most frequent variants of vestibular dizziness. The person turned over from the back to the side - and suddenly "the room swam" (this condition is called a "helicopter"). In a few seconds everything comes back to normal. You can not predict at what position the head of the DPG will remind you of itself. It is unclear exactly what can be the cause of dizziness and nausea. This condition may appear after traumatic brain injury, viral infections, otitis media; sometimes accompanies a hangover.
What to do? DPG can occur once in a lifetime and pass for a couple of weeks, and can repeat in months or even years. Effective training of the vestibular apparatus: once in 3-4 hours 30 seconds hold your head in the position in which DPG occurs.
Ménière's disease
It seems that a person is healthy - and suddenly a sharp attack of severe dizziness, which accompanies nausea, sometimes vomiting. The usual thing, if at the time of an attack begins to amplify the noise in the ears, there is a feeling of stunning and stuffiness. The equilibrium is violated, quite often; a person tries to lie, usually with his eyes closed. Seizures can occur at any time, but most often at night or in the morning. The cause may be physical or mental stress.
What to do? Go to the otorhinolaryngologist (Laura).
Dizziness after an injury
Thin bone membranes in the vestibular apparatus can be damaged by trauma. After her, dizziness, nausea, vomiting immediately appear. Sometimes dizziness causes fractures of the pyramid of the temporal bone, then there is a hemorrhage in the middle ear, the tympanic membrane is damaged. Nystagmus and imbalance increase with sharp movements of the head.
What to do. Your doctor is a neurosurgeon, less often a traumatologist.
During a panic attack
Usually such a vertigo is combined with agoraphobia (fear of large open spaces, congestion of people). Nystagmus during an attack of psychogenic dizziness does not happen.
What to do? The most correct thing is to contact a psychotherapist or psychiatrist immediately after the first panic attack. Cracked phobias are treated more difficultly.
After taking medication
Unpleasant feelings are directly related to the taking of any drug. For example, drugs against hypertension and some antidepressants can cause so-called orthostatic hypotension - a sharp decrease in blood flow to the brain with a change in position. The main symptoms are weakness and dizziness. And certain anti-convulsant drugs cause cerebellar dizziness (same as with motion sickness). If the doctor has prescribed some antibiotics or diuretics for you, consider that dizziness may be associated with their possible side effects, which may be accompanied by nausea.
What to do? After consulting a doctor, replace the drug-culprit with another.
Watch your eyes
Identify nystagmus in yourself is impossible, you need an assistant. The simplest technique is "tracking" the subject. We take a pencil or pen, hold it vertically, so that the upper end is at eye level. We suggest that the subject fix the sight on the subject. Then slowly take him to the right, stop, slowly return to the starting position. The same we do in the left side. If the eyes "do not hold" the subject, they "jump off" - this is nystagmus.
Below we suggest watching a video about why you can feel dizzy and vomiting.