From the earliest childhood, and more often from infancy, the child performs a variety of various mimic-articulatory movements every day with lips, tongue, jaw, accompanying them with a variety of diffuse sounds (babbling, murmuring). These movements represent the first stage in the development of a child's speech, acting as the gymnastics of all organs responsible for speech, in ordinary life.
Articulation-mimic gymnastics is the basis of the formation of phonemes and correction of the disturbances in the sound progeny of any pathogenesis and etiology; most often it includes in its composition exercises for training all organs of the articulatory apparatus, training of certain provisions of the language, lips, soft palate, which are necessary for the correct pronunciation of all groups of sounds.
Recommendations to parents on carrying out exercises of articulatory gymnastics for children
- All exercises should be repeated at least 4-8 times;
- Articulatory gymnastics should be conducted every day, so that the skills developed with its help, entrenched as best as possible. The best way to do the exercises several times a day, five minutes, with no more than three exercises per approach;
- Each static exercise should be performed for 15-20 seconds (retention of facial posture);
- When choosing exercises that will be included in the articulatory gymnastics, you should take into account their sequence, first doing simple exercises, and only then going on to complex exercises. It is recommended to conduct classes in a game form;
- To give new exercises should be alternating with the familiar ones, so that they are fixed by means of repetition. If any exercise in the child causes difficulty, then it is better to wait with the introduction of new exercises, but to focus on working out the old material, giving it in a slightly different form;
- The complex of exercises should be performed in the sitting position, the back should be straight, the body relaxed, the legs and arms should be at rest;
- A good start will be lip exercises;
To develop the articulatory apparatus there is a large number of exercises. Here are just some of them.
Exercises for lips
- The tube (proboscis) - the lips are stretched forward in the form of a long tube;
- Smile - smile so that the teeth are not visible;
- Fence - we smile naturally, our teeth are closed;
- A shout (a bagel) - the teeth should be closed, the lips should be rounded and pulled forward.
Exercises for the development of the mobility of the lips
- Smile with a tube - lips are stretched out with a tube forward, after which they stretch into a smile;
- First the upper, then the lower lip, scratch and bite your teeth;
- Piglet - lips are stretched out by the tube forward, after which they must be moved in different directions;
- Duckling - cheeks strongly retracted, after which the mouth opens sharply with the characteristic sound of a "kiss". Lips should be a duck beak.
Exercises for the lips and cheeks
- Rubbing, patting and chewing cheeks;
- A full-bodied hamster - cheeks, alternately and together;
- A hungry hamster - pull and hold your cheeks in this position;
- Close your mouth and inflate your cheeks, then hit them with your hands, so that the air comes out with a noise.
Static exercises for the language
- Spatula - a wide relaxed tongue is located on the lower lip of the open mouth;
- The birds are wide open mouth, the tongue is relaxed and lies evenly;
- Calyx - open wide mouth, then raise tongue so that lateral edges and anterior margin do not touch the teeth;
- Arrow (needle, sting) - the mouth is open, tight narrow tongue is pushed as far forward as possible;
- Angry cat (hill) - the mouth is wide open, the tip of the tongue is restrained in the lower teeth, the middle part of the tongue is raised upwards.
Dynamic exercises for the language
- Pendulum (watch) - The mouth is slightly open, lips in a smile. You need to reach the corners of the mouth with a rhythmic account;
- Swing - the mouth is open, the child should reach the chin and nose, or alternately to the lower and upper teeth;
- Cleaning the teeth - the mouth is closed, the tongue should slowly surround the teeth in a circle;
- Snake - the mouth is open as wide as possible, the tongue is advanced forward as far as possible and retracted backward into the mouth under a rhythmic count;
- Hide the candy (football) - the mouth is closed, the tongue should alternately rest against one, then the other cheek.