Diseases of the heart and circulatory system have long been leading as a cause of death. A severe illness is almost impossible to heal, but it is possible to alleviate the condition not only therapeutically. In order not to load an already worn and weak heart, it is necessary to eat properly and systematically resort to special diets.
Before you start talking about how to eat with heart disease, you need to find out which foods have a contraindication. The following products are highly risky: lard, margarine, palm, coconut, cream and koprovoy oils, pork fat (melted), fatty sour cream and meat, and whole milk. If we talk about fats, then the best to eat is olive oil. Most of the fats of vegetable origin, as well as fish contained in mackerel, sardine, herring, and other fish, reduce high cholesterol, pressure and the risk of thrombus formation. This is due to the content of long-chain fatty acids. These acids form thromboxanes, leukotrienes of prostaglandins, which are biologically active substances. They also have immunocorrecting and anti-inflammatory properties. According to statistics, daily consumption of fatty fish or fish oil reduces the mortality from cardiovascular diseases in people who have reached the average age of up to 40%. Vegetable fats lower the cholesterol level due to the phospholipids, squalene, phytosterols and phytostanol contained in them. In refined oils, the level of these nutrients is sharply reduced. It has long been known that cholesterol is the number one killer. "Bad" cholesterol leads to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, and this is a direct road to a heart attack or stroke. Already a ten-year-old child can detect areas of vessels affected by atherosclerosis. Few people know that cholesterol, eaten in unlimited quantities, may not be in demand for a long time, therefore it freely circulates in the bloodstream in the form of lipoprotein particles. But one day the accumulated particles begin to take part in the development of atherosclerosis. To improve lipid metabolism, it is necessary to eat cereals containing vegetable protein, dietary fiber, and legumes. Especially useful is not modified soy. Natural plant products are the main source of useful carbohydrates. Unlike confectionery and sugar, plants contain polysaccharides, which are necessary for the body. Vegetables and fruits, the consumption of wheat bran completely satisfy the need for dietary fiber.
Heart sickness, like air, needs potassium, because it is the basis of how you need to eat with heart disease. Potassium is found in all leafy vegetables, cucumbers, zucchini, suede, baked potatoes and dried apricots. Equally useful are iodine and chromium. Iodine and chromium prevent the formation of plaques on the vessels. The most rich in iodine are all marine products: fish, shrimp, edible seaweed. Iodine is also found in persimmons, aronia and other plants. The source of chromium is yeast (baker's), meat, pearl barley, corn, legumes, rye and wheat. Very useful and vitamins B and A. They are found in all the cereals, liver, green onions, bell pepper and other products.
In order to reduce the calorie content of food and the content of fat in it, you need to properly prepare food. The technology of proper preparation boils down to the fact that meat and fish products must be previously boiled to remove extractives, then baked or stewed. With this method of cooking, 40% of fat from meat and 50% of fat from fish leave the broth.
Diet №10
In the diet of patients with cardiovascular diseases, sharply restrict the intake of table salt (up to 3-7 grams), and during an exacerbation it is excluded. The restriction also applies to tea, coffee (in general, liquids up to 1 liter),
sugars and products containing it. Salty, sharp and smoked products are completely excluded. You can not eat ice cream, fatty meat and meat by-products
Recommended products: boiled slave and lean meat, no more than 2 times a week soaked herring, doctor's sausage, lean ham, lactic products, low-fat cheese and cottage cheese, vegetarian soups, soups with meat on "secondary" broth (no more than 2 times) in week, bread (200 grams per day), vinaigrettes, salads from fruits and vegetables.
It is very useful to eat salad (2-3 times a week) from finely chopped apple, parsley, mandarin with peel (without pits), one tablespoon of lemon juice and the same amount of natural honey.
Diet №10а.
Recommended for heart diseases with insufficient circulation.
Almost all the same products are allowed as for treatment table No. 10 with small restrictions. Limit fish (up to 50g per day), meat. Vegetables are recommended only in cooked and grated form. Fruits can be moist, but only in a grubby form. Prohibited rye bread, and wheat only salt (150 grams per day) Sharply limit the salt to 2 grams, or completely excluded. All food is prepared without salt. The liquid is limited to 600ml. Meals necessarily fractional. Sugar per day is allowed not more than 40 grams, butter not more than 10 grams.
Nutrition for coronary heart disease.
IHD is a myocardial lesion, which is caused by a malfunction of the coronary circulation. Circulatory failure occurs as a result of insufficient oxygen supply to the myocardium. Nutrition has a significant effect on the occurrence and progression of the disease. Using fats of animal origin and simple carbohydrates in the form of sugars and confectionery, alcohol, and smoking is the main factor in the onset and development of the disease.
Patients need a balanced diet. A moderate restriction of foods and foods with a high content of animal fats, table salt and cholesterol is suggested. Food should be vitaminized, especially useful ascorbic acid. In the diet it is necessary to exclude dishes rich in nitrogenous substances, namely, rich fish and meat broths and soups from them. Meat and fish are eaten with boiled, steamed or stewed. A day should not eat more than 100g. proteins, not more than 350g. carbohydrates and not more than 90g. fats, and 30 g of them must be plant. Exclude simple carbohydrates (sugar, honey, jam, candy, baking). Increase the use of complex carbohydrates, contained in fruits, vegetables, cereals. It is necessary to lean on seafood and green vegetables, as these products are rich in potassium and iodine. Eat 4-5 times a day, limiting the salt to 8 grams per day. Dishes are best served with boiled, baked or stewed. Dinner should not be plentiful and no later than 3 hours before going to bed.