Birth in a family of a child with congenital malformations is not yet a fact that a young couple will never be able to give birth to a healthy child. To take your kid into a family or to give it up is a matter of conscience and the honor of everyone. Not every mother who has been carrying her baby under her heart for nine months, experiencing the pain of ancestral pain, will be able to abandon the child, no matter what his birth.
From congenital malformations of the fetus, alas, no one is immune. Whatever healthy way of life the future parents did not lead, they too fall into the risk group. According to statistics, about 5% of children with defects and malformations are born in the world.
It is based on the above, doctors are trying to provide the youngest family with the most complete information about their expected child. The main task of modern doctors is to identify congenital diseases of the fetus, to establish the prospects for its development.
Malformations of the fetus are congenital and acquired in the process of intrauterine development. Diagnosing the malformations of the fetus is very difficult, because they are unpredictable in their manifestations. This diagnostics is handled by the following specialists: obstetricians, genetics, neonatologists.
Down's disease. This chromosomal disease is not uncommon, since Down's syndrome is born to 1 newborn out of 800. Down's syndrome is based on an anomaly in the chromosome set. The reasons for this have not yet been fully elucidated - with the development of a fertilized egg in the 21st pair ripens instead of 2 chromosomes - 3. People with Down's syndrome suffer from dementia and physical abnormalities. And, the older the woman, the more she has the risk of having a child with Down's syndrome.
Phenylketonuria. This is a hereditary disease characterized by mental abnormalities and a violation in physical development. This congenital disease is associated with impaired amino acid exchange of phenylalanine. This disease is detected in all newborns on day 5 of life. If the disease is identified, the newborn is prescribed a special diet that will not allow the disease to develop.
Hemophilia. This congenital disease is transmitted from mother to son. Its manifestations are blood incoagulability, increased bleeding.
Congenital prophets of fetal development very often occur in the early stages of pregnancy, if the fetus is affected by various adverse factors, for example, radiation (X-rays), the use of drugs without prescribing a doctor (especially dangerous to take medication in the first months of pregnancy), drinking, bad habits , contact with toxic substances.
Also, congenital malformations of the fetus include the following: heart defects, extra fingers and toes, "hare" lip, hip dislocation.
Families at risk of having a child with congenital malformations:
- families with hereditary diseases;
- families with children suffering from congenital malformations;
- families in which were stillborn children or miscarriages;
- Families after 40 years.
Modern medicine has methods for diagnosing congenital malformations of the fetus at early stages. At the time of pregnancy until the 13th week, ultrasound is done to identify Down's syndrome in the fetus. Until the 24th week, a pregnant woman's blood test for fetal malformations is taken. Between the 20th and 24th weeks of pregnancy makes an in-depth ultrasound, where the development of the brain, face, heart, kidneys, liver, limbs of the fetus is checked.