What diseases of the thyroid gland are most common?
These are autoimmune diseases - when the immune system recognizes thyroid cells as foreign. Hence - inflammation in the thyroid gland. It can be accompanied by hypothyroidism (Graves-Bazedov's disease) or hyperthyroidism (Hashimoto's disease). With hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland produces not enough hormones, with hyperthyroidism - too much. Another leader is an increase in the thyroid gland (goiter) with the formation of nodes. In Ukraine, the most common types of goiter are diagnosed, the same autoimmune thyroiditis and, alas, thyroid cancer.
What affects the health of the thyroid gland?
The increase in the thyroid gland is primarily caused by a shortage of iodine in food. Negatively affect this body and some medications (for example, prescribed for the treatment of heart rhythm disorders and depressions). Thyroid cancer can develop due to irradiation of the neck area, especially in childhood. In the first place - heredity. Autoimmune diseases of the thyroid gland are transmitted through the female line. Do not forget about our realities. In Ukraine, the increase in disruptions in the endocrine system is associated with poor ecology and the Chernobyl accident. Badly affects this iron cigarette smoke - it contains harmful substances of hydroxypyridines. Worsens the function of thyroid gland and increased content of lithium in water.
How does the condition of the thyroid gland affect a person's weight?
The lack of thyroid hormones leads to an increase in body weight. With hypothyroidism, the body uses less energy - nutrients obtained with food are deposited in fatty tissues. The kidney function is impaired. This causes swelling of the face and legs. Decreased physical activity, there is rapid fatigue. All this contributes to a set of extra pounds. With hyperthyroidism, the metabolism in the body is more active - and the weight is lost faster. Such a disease adversely affects the heart and blood circulation, causes the degradation of muscles and bone mass. Diseases not accompanied by changes in the functional state of the thyroid gland usually do not lead to a change in body weight.
Can I lose weight with diets in this case?
When hypothyroidism is difficult to lose weight - the metabolism in the body is slowed. It is necessary to normalize the level of thyroid hormones with the help of medications. When treating with hormones it is important to conduct regular monitoring of their indicators in the blood in order to change the dosage of drugs in a timely manner. Diets will be rather ineffective. As a rule, correction of the hormonal state is necessary under the supervision of an endocrinologist.
How to eat, in order to maintain the normal functioning of the thyroid gland - and keep the figure?
You need to eat food with a high content of iodine: sea fish, shellfish and other seafood. You can use iodized salt, suitable food additives. But if the thyroid disease already exists, eating foods that are high in iodine, on the contrary, is not recommended. Such people need to consult with the doctor in charge - about nutrition and eating supplements. Do not forget that it is important to eat lots of fresh vegetables, fruits and dairy products. No less significant factor - a good mood, which promotes the absorption of nutrients.
Treatment
With hypothyroidism, medications regulate the level of thyroid hormones. To get rid of hyperthyroidism, thyreostatics are used. These medications are taken for several months, since they can promote an increase in the thyroid gland, and sometimes negatively affect the process of hematopoiesis and liver function. Hyperthyroidism is treated with radioiodine therapy: the patient lies in a special closed compartment and receives radioactive capsules. At the University Hospital Freiburg, the closed department has 15 wards. Radioactive iodine accumulating in thyroid cells exposes beta and gamma radiation to the entire gland, and the cells of it and the tumor cells that have spread beyond it are destroyed. Only the cells of the thyroid gland are irradiated - radioactive iodine is absorbed exclusively by them. The condition of the organ is normalized a few weeks after radioiodine therapy.
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