Having listened to a healthy preschool child with a phonendoscope, the pediatrician writes in his medical record "in the lungs is pure, breathing is puerile." From the characteristic for older children and adult vesicular breathing, it differs with a loud and long exhalation. The rest is the same - the noise that comes through the phonendoscope sounds very gentle and evenly throughout the inhalation and subsides at the beginning of exhalation.
To catch music of children's bronchi it is possible and simply having put an ear to a thorax of the child. Remember this melody! Anyone who has ever heard it, immediately notice the alarming notes of a sharper timbre, characteristic of hard breathing. This is an alarming symptom!
The structure of the respiratory system resembles an organ, but it begins to sound only when the trachea and bronchi are blocked by phlegm or narrowed due to a spasm of smooth muscles, as is the case with asthmatic bronchitis and bronchial asthma. In some cases, wheezing is heard in the phonendoscope, and in others - even at a distance. By the way they sound, you can make a diagnosis.
For example, a whistle in the lungs in combination with a difficult exhalation that does not let the child fall asleep indicates a respiratory syncytial infection with pulse and breathing in the infant. Show your doctor to exclude bronchitis, pneumonia and bronchial asthma.
Dry rales of different timbre (whistling or buzzing) are caused by narrowing of the respiratory tract due to spasm, swelling of the mucous membrane and the production of viscous mucus. Here, too, urgent consultation of the pediatrician is needed.
Wet wheezing occurs when mucus in the airway becomes liquid, and the air passing through it creates noise of bursting vesicles. The timbre, which depends on the size of the bronchi, where wheezing occur, they are small, medium and large bubbles. Until they disappear, the child should be observed by the pediatrician! Brew his herbal collection (dosage above) - a teaspoon of peppermint or oregano, a tablespoon of plantain, a mother-and-stepmother or a tea-rosary and the same amount of licorice root. Pour 0.5 liters of hot water, boil 3 minutes over low heat, insist 30 minutes, wrapped in a towel.
Testing by fingers
The level of speech development and the degree of readiness of the child for school depends on the perfection of the fine motor skills of the fingers. So, in 4 years ...
The child should be able to stretch one hand, leaving the other free.
Freely pronounce even complex words - thus fingers should not strain, be stretched out a fan or be compressed in fists. Evaluation of the result. Baby overcame both tasks? Excellent! If not, exercise for a month or two with your finger exercises and repeat the test.
1. Ping-pong. In the role of a ball is a small thumb pad. Let it bounce off the pads of the other fingers in the rhythm of the children's song. Know-How. First we learn to do this with each pen, and then both.
2. The Olympics on the table. The kid puts his index and middle fingers on the table. And now this "little man" runs on command: "To start, run, stop." Know-How. "Run" each handle separately, and then - synchronously with two .The back and hangers are free.
3. The centipede. The kid puts his elbows on the table and folds his hands in an unfolded book in the face. Mom thinks, but the little one bends one finger each, pressing it to the palm of your hand. Know-How. We begin the spruce handle, and after the little finger on the left palm comes the turn of the right. Fingers straighten in the reverse order.
We go to the X-ray
Adenoids - a very common problem in children aged 4-5 years! In this case, as a rule, the proliferation of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx is accompanied by difficulty in nasal breathing, snoring during a night's sleep. The additional examination helps to clarify the diagnosis. After the ENT doctor finger probes your child's adenoids, determining their size, he can prescribe an x-ray of the nasopharynx. Do not be embarrassed by this. The fact is that the picture clearly determines the degree of adenoids.