Symptoms of a heart attack.
Myocardial infarction is a serious heart disease. It is a form of ischemic heart disease, which is characterized by a violation of the blood supply to the muscle tissue of the heart - the myocardium. With myocardial infarction necrosis (necrosis) occurs in the myocardium.
Stages of the development of the disease: prodromal (period of precursors of the disease), acute, acute, subacute, period of scarring (post-infarction period).
Nutrition with a heart attack.
Correct medical nutrition is an integral element of the treatment of a heart that has undergone a myocardial infarction. Diet during treatment is divided into three diets. The first diet is adhered during the acute period, the second is prescribed in the subacute period, the third - during the period of scarring.
Initially, the patient's diet is limited, both in terms of calories and the amount of food that is taken, which gradually increases. The nature of the disease requires almost complete, in some cases complete, elimination of salt. To add flavor, lemon juice, vinegar, parsley and dill are added. The food should be warm - hot and cold food is not acceptable. The products that cause the fermentation process in the intestine are excluded: sweets, grape juice, legumes, milk, etc. Pickles, smoked foods, fatty, spicy, canned food are unacceptable.
In the diet must necessarily be foods rich in potassium (for normal work of the heart muscle), magnesium (for blood vessels), stimulating the work of the intestines (to prevent possible or eliminate existing constipation).
At the very beginning of the acute period (the first 2 days), only the drink in the form of diluted juices is present in the diet (it is desirable to avoid grape juice), non-carbonated mineral water, compote, broth of wild rose.
Products used in the future, should be easily digested, be nutritious. Food should be wiped and taken often, in small portions, 6-7 meals a day. "Fresh" juice is taken "raw", the remaining products must be boiled. In the acute period, the following dishes are allowed: biscuits; mashed vegetable soups and cereals boiled on the water; puree from vegetables; steam omelet; dairy products. You can add a little bit of butter to the dishes.
In medical nutrition, meat and fish of low-fat varieties are used. In the first period, meat dishes are allowed in the form of steam cutlets, soufflé, meatballs, etc.
The second and third diet presupposes a gradual increase in caloric content and mass. The list of allowed products is expanding. In the second diet, dishes not wiped, but in a crushed form, in the third - in a crushed condition and a single piece.
In general, the therapeutic diet is aimed at restoring and improving the work of the heart, preventing atherosclerosis, which is the main cause of myocardial infarction. It must necessarily take into account other diseases of the body. An important point is the prevention of obesity, which is quite possible due to the inactive way of life of a convalescent person.