Tomato - a moisture-loving plant and a lack of water can lead to a significant loss of yields. In addition, tomatoes can absorb nutrients only in the form of aqueous solutions for watering bushes. Therefore, it is so important for beginners to organize a regular watering of tomatoes in a greenhouse and open ground, which will ensure generous and regular harvests of red-cheeked fruits.
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Watering a tomato in a greenhouse: useful tips for gardeners Watering tomatoes with bottles - master class on video Features of watering a tomato in the open ground The better to water tomatoes - types of fertilizingThe norm and timing of watering a tomato depends on the growing conditions, and are calculated individually. For a full-fledged development of tomatoes, the most optimal moisture content is 45 to 50%, and soils - from 85 to 90%. How to check the compliance of the actual growing conditions with the regulatory one? We take a sample of the earth in a section from a depth of 5 to 10 cm and try to make a lump from it. If it turned out quite simply, and a lump after a slight depression crumbles, then the level of humidity is all right.
The lack of moisture in the soil leads to the shedding of buds and ovaries tomato, the appearance of cracks in the fruits and infecting them with apical rot. However, excess fluid is also undesirable - sugar content decreases, fruits become watery and fungal diseases appear. So watering the tomato should be done taking into account all local conditions and indicators.
Watering a tomato in a greenhouse: useful tips for gardeners
Hothouse growing conditions for tomatoes require certain rules. At the same time, the material for manufacturing the greenhouse is completely irrelevant.
So, the basic rules of watering a tomato in a greenhouse:
- not more often 1 - 2 times a week
- one bush needs about four liters of water
- liquid pour under the root, not on the stem
- watering should be done early in the morning or late in the evening - at this time the lowest solar activity
In the greenhouse it is necessary to maintain a certain level of humidity - about 90% of the soil itself, and 50% at the bushes level. Due to such conditions, the risk of developing viral diseases for which a moist environment is needed is reduced. In turn, plants will always be provided with a sufficient amount of moisture.
How to water tomatoes in a greenhouse
- manual
- drip
- automatic irrigation
Let's consider each of them in more detail.
For a small-sized greenhouse, manual watering using a hose or watering can be best. Despite the certain "laboriousness" of the process, with the help of manual irrigation each shrub tomato will be provided with water in the right amount. However, it should be remembered that the water should not be too cold, so you need to take a stand-in in the barrel. When watering we direct the hose only to the roots - to avoid sunburn.
Drip watering tomato is suitable for large greenhouses and compared with the previous method requires financial costs. True, the cost of purchasing special equipment will significantly simplify watering and save time.
Advantages of drip irrigation:
- getting moisture to the roots
- reduction of water consumption
- increased yield of tomato
- exclusion of leaching and salinization of soil
- minimization of physical effort for irrigation
Watering tomatoes with bottles - master class on video
Watering a tomato from a bottle is one of the types of drip irrigation, which is based on the use of ordinary plastic bottles and a little labor of their hands.
How to water a tomato from bottles? The video details the process of making such a homemade watering system.
Automatic irrigation system is an excellent option for large greenhouses made of polycarbonate, in which tomatoes are usually grown on an "industrial" scale. The installation of such equipment can be entrusted to specialists or to do it independently, based on a pre-compiled plantation plan in the greenhouse. However, if you have a small greenhouse and grow tomatoes "for yourself", it is better to choose a less expensive method of watering a tomato.
How often to water tomatoes in a greenhouse
After planting the seedlings should be abundantly watered - up to five liters per plant. Then you can "forget" about watering for about a week. How to understand that tomatoes require moisture? Pay attention to the top layer of the soil. If the soil is dry, then it's time to water the seedlings - in fact in young plants the roots are too weak to absorb the liquid at depth. Seedlings are usually watered once or twice a week.
When the bushes begin to bear fruit, the volume of water can be gradually increased. However, experienced gardeners are not recommended to get carried away, as increased humidity in the greenhouse can trigger the development of blight and other fungal diseases.
Features of watering a tomato in the open ground
Tomatoes in the open ground watered rarely, but abundantly - about twice a week. And how to water tomatoes in the heat? Here, it is customary to start from the climatic features of the terrain, since heat varies in different regions at different times. Seedlings, just planted on beds, need a moist soil, so water should be more often. We adhere to the same regime during the tying of tomato fruits. And in the intervals we water, as usual, twice a week.
As in greenhouse conditions, tomatoes on the open ground do not like "soul". So you only need to water the rows between the plants, avoiding moisture on the leaves and stems. As for water, it should be heated, ideally - to the soil temperature. For example, if the earth has warmed up to +24⁰, then the water temperature should be about the same.
When to water tomatoes? Early morning or evening, before sunset. In the heat of watering it is better to postpone, and in case of cloudy weather, the time for irrigation does not matter. After all, in the absence of the sun, moisture can not evaporate before it absorbs into the soil. Watering should alternate with loosening - tomato roots need air access.
The better to water tomatoes - types of fertilizing
The main purpose of feeding a tomato is to saturate plants with nutrients to obtain good fruit yields. This can be both fertilization in the soil, and foliar top dressing. In addition, the important task of every gardener is to fight against diseases of culture. For this, it is better to choose not chemical preparations, but proven "folk" remedies.
Watering tomatoes with yeast: nutritional top dressing
Common baker's yeast contains minerals, organic iron and various trace elements. For top dressing tomatoes need to prepare a special solution - for five liters of water we take a kilogram of yeast. Before watering, this solution must be diluted with water once more (1: 100). The introduction of fertilizing is carried out in the spring, when the plants are actively growing. However, along with the feeding it is necessary to introduce ash, since yeast has the property of absorbing potassium from the soil.
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Watering tomatoes with iodine and milk: a universal remedy
A solution of raw milk with iodine reliably "scares" many garden pests. Such a tool should be applied in the form of spraying, after which the leaves are covered with a thin film of lactose and milk sugar. This frightens off insects and avoids the penetration of diseases. The recipe for an iodine-milk solution is water (4 liters), milk (1 liter) and iodine (15 drops).
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A properly watered tomato is an important part of growing crops. Adhere to our recommendations, and abundant yields of scented red fruits are provided to you.