However, in some cases, the child must be under medical supervision, so that the doctor can decide whether to take any further action. Very rare diseases of newborns can subsequently cause serious problems.
Redness of the eyes
Newborn children sometimes have slightly reddish eyes, which is associated with a so-called subconjunctival hemorrhage. The cause of hemorrhage is the pressure on the face of the child during passage through the birth canal. This should not be a cause for concern, since usually this problem occurs within a week after birth.
Traces of blood on the diaper
Detection of traces of blood on the diaper of a newborn causes anxiety. However, in reality, this phenomenon is perfectly normal and harmless. Usually it becomes a consequence of the presence in the urine of a child of harmless substances called urates. Another cause of blood traces may be minor bleeding from the umbilical wound when it is healing.
Vaginal bleeding and discharge
Harmless vaginal bleeding can occur in girls aged about 4 days. These bleedings are caused by a sharp decrease in the level of estrogen. In the prenatal period the fetus is under the influence of the mother's estrogens. Vaginal discharge in the first days of life is also observed quite often. In case of sudden bleeding, it is necessary to make sure that the child receives vitamin K in sufficient quantity, which prevents a rare but severe complication of newborn hemorrhagic disease. Swelling of the mammary glands can be observed in both newborn girls and boys. It is rare that there are secretions from the nipples. This is a consequence of the effects of circulating maternal hormones, which can last for several weeks and passes by itself. It is very important not to try to squeeze out the liquid from the nipples, as this can lead to the development of infection. If there is redness around the nipples, which begins to spread further, it is necessary to prescribe antibiotics. Very rarely in the mammary glands, an abscess may develop, requiring surgical intervention. Fouling eyes are a very common problem in newborns, since the tear ducts in them are not yet fully open. The problem is solved by washing the eyes with warm boiled water. Sometimes discharge from the eyes in the first weeks of life is a sign of a serious eye infection, for example Chlamydia. This infection is transmitted to the child from the mother during childbirth. To exclude her, the midwife takes a swab from the eyes of the child after birth. Based on the results of the analysis, antibiotic treatment may be prescribed. Sometimes the violation of patency of lacrimal ducts leads to the development of conjunctivitis, which is accompanied by reddening of the eyes and viscous secretions. When attaching a secondary infection, eye drops should be used. To prevent the development of infection, parents should do a baby massage tear ducts before clearing the eyes.
Umbilical hernia
Umbilical hernia develops due to weakness of the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall, as a result of which the navel protrudes outward. This is especially noticeable when the child cries or strains the abdominal muscles. Umbilical hernia is usually painless and rarely leads to any complications. This pathology almost always disappears without surgical intervention at the age of 5 years.
The granuloma of the navel
The remainder of the umbilical cord is separated and disappears around the end of the first week of life. Moistening of the umbilical wound is a sign of infection. Taking a smear helps determine the need for antibiotics. Maintaining the umbilical cord in a clean and dry state is the main way to treat the wound with the child's normal health. The granuloma of the navel is a small foci of red scar tissue that sometimes appears after the umbilical cord is separated. If the granuloma persists for a long time, it can be easily removed by cautery with a lapis pencil. Ego is a painless procedure, as there are no nerve endings in the granuloma. The doctor protects the surrounding tissues during the procedure with a moisturizing gel. A tongue fringe is a small ligament connecting the base of the tongue to the bottom of the oral cavity. Some children experience a shortening of the frenum (ankyloglossia), which can impede the movement of the tongue. This pathology is often of a family nature (one of the child's parents had a similar problem with a frenulum in childhood). However, at present, the surgical method of eliminating this defect is rarely used, only in cases when the child experiences problems with eating. In most cases, this pathology is adjusted independently during the first year of life without the need for medical intervention. A child suffering from shortening of a bridle remains under medical supervision until he begins to speak. Then you can check whether he has problems with pronunciation of certain sounds. It may be useful speech therapy, which helps to distinguish the delay of speech development from the pathology of the structure of the language, which requires simple surgical treatment. At some children at a birth the stop is directed downwards, and the heel is turned inside. This is due to the fact that the child is in such a pose in the uterus. If this condition is easily eliminated with foot massage, it is called positional deformation of the foot (positional club foot).
Treatment
Treatment consists in stretching the foot with each change of diapers. If the procedure is carried out regularly, the defect can be eliminated within a few weeks. It is also advisable to seek advice from a pediatric physiotherapist. If the foot can not be straightened, this may indicate a pathology of the foot structure, for example, equinovarus deformation of the foot. In this case, the child is referred to an orthopedic surgeon for further examination and treatment. A testicle testicle is a collection of fluid around the testicles, sometimes found in newborn boys. In the embryonic period, the testicles are surrounded by a sac filled with fluid. They descend into the scrotum at about the 8th month of pregnancy. This condition is called a dropsy testicular (hydrocele). The dropsy is painless and most often spontaneously passes through the year. If the dropsy persists, you need to consider the possibility of surgical intervention. Sometimes the neck of the sac remains open, as a result of which the size of the scrotum changes, decreasing in the morning and increasing throughout the day. This phenomenon is called the communicating hydrocele, since it remains bound to the abdominal cavity. If a child suffers a dropsy testicle, a detailed medical examination should be performed to exclude the inguinal hernia. This type of hernia is characterized by the presence of intermittent swelling of the testicle, which appears when the child screams or strains the abdominal muscles.