School is an important stage in the life of every child, school success is projected onto a further life, so parents want the child to come to school as much as possible prepared. What do you need to know the future first-grader, and how should he behave?
What and how do we teach the kids?
There is a whole industry for preparing children for school. Almost from the very birth of toys, the baby is beginning to divide into entertaining and developing. It is playing, the child optimally develops qualities that will help him in school: attention, concentration, memory, intelligence, assiduity, fine motor skills and logic. What to play? Yes, anything! To guess and guess the riddles, move to victory in your favorite board games, "brodilkas" or strain your mind, with enthusiasm collecting logical puzzles. Every modern parent knows that the baby should be ready for school, and the sooner this preparation begins, the more successful the child will be not only in school, but in life. "After three already late" - the motto of supporters of early development. They are quite confident: the earlier the intellectual development begins, the easier it will be for a child to adapt in school life. The book is the main source of knowledge, so the developing book is the main companion of any child from the stroller until September 1. Recipes, letters, exercises, logic tests have long ceased to be attributes of school life and have been transferred to the life of a modern preschool child. According to statistics, 80% of children's books produced in Ukraine are devoted to preparing for school. Demand creates supply. Only an expert should be involved in the important business of preparing a child for school. In every district of any city there are at least a dozen schools for preschool children. There is constant excitement there. Young children learn to read and count, fill out the prescriptions and gnaw the granite of science with their teeth, in order to approach the school desk ready for anything. Begin the classes to prepare for the school you need no later than 4 years. It seems that to sit the child at the desk to extend the school childhood for 2-3 years is the main task of the parents. And then, finally, the school begins. And with it, and school problems, blame for which, as a matter of habit, has become a native for these 7 years training - lack of academic knowledge and poor reading techniques ... But the school success is determined not by the number of sticks written before September 1 and not the speed of reading books. The basis for successful school education is the child's readiness to recognize and accept the world, to feel comfortable and free in this world. It's so simple and so difficult at the same time.
Book-list
German psychologist Volker Price wrote a book of recommendations for parents "What Children Should Know", listing the basic skills and abilities that a child should come to school with. There are no logical exercises, tests for reading speed and training of math skills in this book. and plans for the preparation of geniuses and talents.The book only lists the psychological basis for success and the criteria for the readiness of the child for school realities, because the school is the place where the child spends most of his life. to give children the opportunity to live comfortably and productively this part of it.In Faulkner's book, not only the basic knowledge and skills are listed, but also the life experiences and experiences with which the child should approach the threshold of school life. So what should one not only know and be able, but also to experience close emotional contact with parents is much more important than any academic knowledge and to survive, a child ready for school? With this question the author addresses to people of different professions and nationalities, of different ages, edaniya and social status. To parents, grandfathers and grandmothers, to ordinary teenagers and venerable specialists. To people simple and to people known. To psychologists and teachers. And then, with the German pedantry, processes and sums up the experience of different people. The German psychologist does not evaluate, but simply lists the simple skills and knowledge with which the child should approach the threshold of school life. Let one of the listed things now seem completely unimportant and has nothing to do with school preparation, but experience shows that it is "unimportant" that at first sight often becomes fundamental: The list of knowledge and skills required, according to the German psychologist, for successful learning in school, is frighteningly huge, but surprisingly simple at the same time.The child who knows and has experienced all of the above is an inquisitive researcher who is ready to extract this knowledge himself.There is no doubt that he who knows how to live in a society that knows how to listen and to hear a child with such a baggage of skills and abilities will be successful not only in school, but in life too, because all of the above is not preparation for the school threat, not training before the school trials, but life with all its colors. When a person understands and feels itself, lives in harmony with the world, has a lot and fully communicates with peers, has the opportunity to learn the world on its own, feeling the support of his family, he grows stronger and more mature. It is open to the world and ready to learn. And this academic curiosity and completeness of life can not be replaced by any academic knowledge. The child should be socially adapted.
What does that require?
Communicate with children of their age, as well as with adults (not only with parents). Dine in other families, invite other children to their house for dinner. For once to become an example for others and at least once to try on yourself the example of another child.
• Quarrel and make up with your best friend.
For once to receive the praise of an outsider.
• Know when to say "thank you" and "please", say hello and say goodbye. To be able to ask for forgiveness. Understand the process of gift giving (including an independent choice of a gift for a friend or relative, the process of decorating it).
What should a baby know 6 years old?
Children need self-confidence. What does the baby need for this?
• Feel constant support in everything that he does. Be confident that he has support.
• Be able to ask for help and at the same time support other people.
• Be able to fail and be able to evaluate it.
• Be able to achieve goals and feel satisfaction from it.
• It is hard to know that there is something in which he is ahead of his peers.
• Be able to trust people.
The child must feel, know and understand himself and his body. What does the baby need for this? Have the opportunity to explore your body. Know the name of parts of the body and be able to explain the functions of important organs (why a person's heart, liver). Be able to distinguish between psychological and physiological states (for example, not to confuse hunger and irritation, fatigue and sadness). Be able to dose the power of touch.
• Feel the pulse of yourself and the other.
• Know that the doctor exists to help the sick. Help the doctor diagnose the disease - determine the place and nature of the pain. To be able to help patients: to know elementary skills of an ambulance (ice-heater, than to process a wound). Take illness as part of life.
• Receive sincere and honest answers, including death. To do this, it is necessary to involve the child in the process of simple care for the sick, to explain to him his condition, to calmly treat the illness, to help the child to examine his body and his reactions. Honestly answer even difficult questions. The child must understand nature and learn to live in harmony with it.
What does that require?
Be able to sculpt a snowman or build a snow fortress.
• Once again get wet in the rain, play-jump in the puddles, get dirty in the mud, hard to freeze, throw snowballs. For once, to make a dam on a stream, to build a hut, a castle made of sand. To be able to climb a tree, sit by the fire at night, go for mushrooms, even if it only dials cones and acorns.
• Try to plant a grain, patiently look after it and see how the plant develops due to its care. Know that the water is holding the body. Lying on the water.
• Be able to swing by yourself on a swing. To see, touch and try to understand how the sundial works. Recognize in the sky at least two constellations. Experiment with echo. To do this, it is important to give the child the opportunity to feel free in nature. Do not be afraid to get dirty and freeze. Show the kid the beauty and harmony of nature, and his place in it.