In the article "Conception of the child from the first days" you will find very useful information for yourself.
Pregnancy test
Usually the first sign of pregnancy is the delay in menstruation. In case of delay, a woman usually carries out a pregnancy test. This test determines the presence in the urine of a specific hormone - human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), which begins to develop shortly after implantation of the embryo. Although the sensitivity of this test is very high, pregnancy must be confirmed by a doctor. After the pregnancy is established, the doctor will send the woman to a women's consultation.
Prenatal care
All pregnancy management activities are carried out on the basis of a women's consultation with the participation of an obstetrician-gynecologist, midwife and, if necessary, other specialists. A unified standard for the provision of prenatal care has been developed, which, however, may differ in details in different women's consultations. The range of examinations also depends on the history of the pregnant woman, the concomitant diseases and wishes of the patient.
Prenatal care goals:
• early diagnosis of pregnancy;
• identification of risk factors for mother and child;
• identification of any deviations;
• prevention and treatment of pathological conditions, determination of the degree of risk with the provision of an appropriate level of prenatal care.
Teaching a prospective mother
Conducting pregnancy also means providing the future mother with detailed information about the course of pregnancy, the state of health of herself and the child. A pregnant woman has the opportunity to ask questions about screening tests, the place and method of delivery of methods for anesthetizing the sexes. The course of pregnancy is carefully observed throughout the 9 months. A number of tests are carried out, which include:
• Physical examination to identify any health problems in a pregnant woman, as well as cervical and pelvic anomalies. Also determine the position and development of the fetus;
• monitoring blood pressure - increasing blood pressure during pregnancy can talk about the development of pre-eclampsia;
• weighing - gain in weight is one of the indicators of the state of both the mother and the fetus.
• ultrasound scanning to confirm the term of birth, size of the fetus or fruit in multiple pregnancies;
• a blood test to detect possible anemia;
• determination of blood type, including Rh factor. If the mother has a Rh-negative blood group, incompatibility with fetal blood may occur;
• Analyzes for sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which can adversely affect the fetus;
• urine analysis for sugar content (for diabetes) and protein (for infection or preeclampsia);
• Screening of congenital malformations of the fetus (ultrasound, amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling, measurement of the thickness of the fetal collar zone and biochemical analysis of the mother's blood).
Although more often the pregnancy is normal, it is sometimes possible to develop complications, which include, in particular:
• Misery
About 15% of all pregnancies end in abortion; most often this occurs between the 4th and 12th weeks of pregnancy (first trimester). Miscarriage is a difficult test for both partners. Sometimes, in order to reconcile with the loss of an unborn child, the help of a psychologist is necessary.
• Ectopic pregnancy
Relatively often there is a life-threatening complication, like an ectopic pregnancy, in which a fertilized egg is implanted outside the uterus. In the absence of timely surgical treatment, it is possible to develop severe internal bleeding with a threat to the life of a woman.
• Bleeding
Bleeding can be observed in a condition known as placenta previa (too low). In this case, often occurs placental abruption from the uterine wall in late pregnancy.
• Premature delivery
Normally, the pregnancy lasts approximately 40 weeks from the first day of the last menstruation. Sometimes labor activity begins long before the expected delivery period. If premature birth occurred only a few weeks ahead of schedule, the child usually adapts and develops normally later. Achievements in medical science now allow children who are born with a gestation period of 25-26 weeks to leave.
• Pelvic presentation
In some cases, the fetus occupies a position in the uterus in which the pelvic end of the fetus is facing the pelvis in place of the head. There are other types of anomalous position of the fetus, which can serve as the basis for delivery by cesarean section.
• Multiple pregnancy
Fertility of multiple pregnancies can be associated with serious complications. Childbirth usually occurs at earlier times and requires considerable effort from the mother.